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The mutineers do not return to attack again. Hunter, the servant who was knocked unconscious during the fight, dies in the night. The doctor declares that the captain should not “walk nor move his arm” (208) for weeks due to his wounds. After consulting with the captain and the squire, the doctor sets off into the trees with a sword and the treasure map. Jim believes he is going to see Ben Gunn. It is hot inside the cabin, and Jim fantasizes about walking in the cool woods like the doctor. He fills his pockets with biscuits when no one is looking. He plans to find the white rock and to “ascertain whether it was there or not that Ben Gunn had hidden his boat” (211).
While the squire and Gray are assisting the injured captain, Jim sneaks into the trees. He makes his way “straight for the east coast of the island” (211) in the late afternoon. He spies on the pirates, who are “talking and laughing” (213). As night falls, Jim walks down the beach and finds the white rock. There, hidden beneath a “little tent of goatskins” (214), he finds “Ben Gunn’s boat—homemade if ever anything was homemade: a rude, lopsided framework of tough wood and stretched upon that a covering of goatskin, with the hair inside” (214). The boat is so small that only a child could fit inside. Jim comes up with the idea to “cut the Hispaniola adrift and let her go ashore where she fancied” (214). He waits for night to fall and eats a dinner of biscuits. Once it is dark, he sets his small boat on the water’s surface.
Ben’s handmade boat, also called a coracle, proves to be “the most cross-grained, lopsided craft to manage. Do as you pleased, she always made more leeway than anything else, and turning round and round was the maneuver she was best at” (217). The tides bring Jim close to the Hispaniola. He grabs hold of its hawser, a thick cable used to moor the ship. A breeze comes and loosens that hawser enough that Jim can cut away some of its strands. As he works, he listens to two pirates aboard the ship who are fighting and arguing. They are “plainly the worse of drink, and they were still drinking” (219). On the shore he can see the pirates’ campfire and hear them singing.
He feels the hawser slacken again and cuts the last of the strands. The ship begins “to turn upon her heel, spinning slowly, end for end, across the current” (221). As Jim paddles his small boat away, he finds that his “hands came across a light cord that was trailing across the stern bulwarks” (221), and he grabs hold of it. He looks into the ship’s cabin window. He sees two of the pirates wrestling one another, “each with a hand upon the other’s throat” (222). The ship and the small boat continue to whirl around the bay together. Jim lays low to avoid being seen by the pirates on the shore. He lays like this for hours and falls asleep.
Jim wakes up the following morning “tossing at the southwest end of Treasure Island” (225). He considers paddling to shore but is prevented by crashing waves, dangerous rocks, and a colony of sea lions that scares him off. He heads instead toward the Cape of the Woods. He learns to handle the small boat with better skill:
“‘Well, now,’ thought I to myself, ‘it is plain I must lie where I am, and not disturb the balance; but it is plain, also, that I can put the paddle over the side and from time to time, in smooth places, give her a shove or two toward land’” (228).
Suffering thirst and an aching head, Jim makes his way closer to land. He comes near the shore but is carried past the point he hoped to arrive at. He spots the Hispaniola in the distance. The ship at first seems to be sailing toward him, then seems stuck in place in the water: “Again and again was this repeated. To and fro, up and down, north, south, east, and west, the Hispaniola sailed by swoops and dashes” (231). Jim realizes that the ship might be deserted. Jim paddles toward the Hispaniola. The ship seems to pull away from him, but then the breeze stops and the ship becomes still in the water. The breeze picks up again and brings the ship toward Jim. Jim says, “I sprang to my feet and leaped, stamping the coracle under water. With one hand I caught the jibboom, while my foot was lodged between the stay and the brace” (233). Jim boards the Hispaniola and loses the coracle in the water below.
Once on the deck of the Hispaniola, Jim sees two pirate watchmen, Israel Hands and the man in the red cap. Both men appear to be unconscious, lying on the deck. The ship jumps and lurches in the water. Jim sees blood on the deck and believes that both pirates have “killed each other in their drunken wrath” (236). Just as he is thinking this, Israel Hands stirs and moans. Hands asks Jim for brandy, and Jim goes to the cabin to get it. He finds the cabin in disarray, with the “floor thick with mud” and “dozens of empty bottles” (237) rolling around on the floor.
Jim retrieves a bottle of brandy and some food for himself, then returns to the deck. He gives Hands the brandy. Hands says that the man in the red cap is dead. Jim strikes down the pirates’ Jolly Roger flag and throws it overboard. Hands offers to tell Jim how to sail the ship in exchange for food and drink. Jim accepts and says that “in three minutes I had the Hispaniola sailing easily before the wind along the coast of Treasure Island, with good hopes of turning the northern point ere noon” (240). Jim wraps Hands’s thigh wound with a handkerchief. Hands recovers as he eats and drinks, and the ship makes good progress along the coast. Jim notices an “odd smile” (241) that keeps appearing on Hands’s face.
Jim lays the ship and sits and eats with Israel Hands. Hands tries to convince him to toss the body of the man in the red cap overboard, and Jim refuses. Hands asks Jim for a bottle of wine. Jim believes Hands is trying to trick him but conceals his suspicion, asking what kind of wine he would like. Jim goes to fetch the wine, makes a lot of noise, and secretly climbs a ladder to spy on Hands. Jim watches Hands move quickly across the deck and pick a bloody knife out of a pile of rope. Hands conceals the rope in his jacket and returns to the place where he was sitting. Jim reasons that Hands will not kill him before he has steered the ship safely into harbor. Jim goes to the cabin, grabs a bottle of wine, and returns to the deck. He gives Hands the wine then takes Hands’s orders to skillfully steer the boat into a narrow anchorage. Jim focuses on the maneuvers required to beach the ship until he senses a movement and turns and sees Hands coming toward him with his knife in hand. Jim lets go of the tiller, and it strikes Hands. Jim runs away and draws a pistol, but when he fires, he finds that it is jammed with seawater. Jim dodges Hands’s knife attacks. The Hispaniola strikes the shore and capsizes. Both Jim and Hands fall and roll across the deck. Jim stands and climbs the mizzen shrouds, narrowly missing being stabbed by the knife. Once safe, he primes and loads both pistols. Hands begins to climb up to Jim but pauses when Jim points both pistols at him. Hands appears confused and begins speaking to Jim, when suddenly he reaches for something behind his back. Jim narrates that “[s]omething sang like an arrow through the air; I felt a blow and then a sharp pang, and there I was pinned by the shoulder to the mast” (254). In reaction, Jim fires the pistols and drops them both. Israel Hands is hit and falls into the water.
Hands sinks dead to the bottom of the ocean. Jim feels “sick, faint, and terrified” (256) at the blood running over his chest and back and the fear of falling into the water below. Jim shivers, and the knife comes loose. He goes below to take care of the wound, which is not serious. He tosses the body of the man in the red cap overboard. The sun begins to set. Jim gets off the ship and onto the beach. He follows a river back to the stockade. Night falls, and Jim uses the moonlight to guide him. When he gets close to the stockade he walks more carefully. He sees in the woods “the embers of a bonfire smoldering” (262). He nears the stockade and observes that on “the other side of the house an immense fire had burned itself into clear embers and shed a steady, red reverberation” (262). Jim fears something has gone wrong and crosses the palisade. He hears snores and is comforted by the sound, the “sea cry of the watch, that beautiful ‘All’s well,’ never fell more reassuringly on my ear” (264). It is dark inside the cabin. Jim hears the “drone of the snorers, and a small occasional noise, a flickering or pecking that I could in no way account for” (264). A shrill voice starts repeating the words, “Pieces of eight! Pieces of eight!” (264). Jim realizes it is John Silver’s pet parrot. The pirates in the cabin wake. Jim hears Silver’s voice. He tries to run away but is captured and held by a pirate.
For the second time, Jim abandons his duties to the company of honest men when he leaves the stockade without permission in Chapter 22. Abandoning one’s post is a dishonest action, something a pirate might do. It is possibly disloyal and goes against the grain of everything the captain stands for. And yet Jim commits this course of action twice. Jim experiences some regret once he leaves the stockade, saying, “This was my second folly, far worse than the first, as I left but two sound men to guard the house” (211). And yet, where mutiny and rebellion usually only serve to cause more trouble for the pirates, Jim’s rebellions ultimately serve to save him and his company. Within the novel’s moral framework, this suggests that although loyalty to what is right is one of the highest virtues, sometimes autonomous and independent action can just as equally serve good if carried through with the right intentions.
Jim’s journey on the coracle serves as a metaphor for his increasing skill, independence, and growth into maturity. Although he is referred to as a boy several times up to this point in the novel, it is during this journey that he establishes himself as an individual and learns how to successfully navigate the choppy waters of independence. Just as the ship held up despite difficult weather earlier in the novel, in Chapter 24 Jim learns to persevere despite uncertainty and is ultimately successful in reaching the ship. He does this by studying the way the small boat moves in the water and learning to work with its quirks rather than against them. This too is a symbol for working with life’s challenges rather than submitting to them.
One measure of integrity in Treasure Island is how a man treats his enemy or opponent. Jim gives his enemy, Israel Hands, brandy to drink and food to eat, and helps Hands with his wound. While it may seem dangerous to give nourishment to his enemy, these actions are consistent with the code of morality Jim has learned from the captain and others. Jim maintains his moral integrity by being an honest man before the pirate and thereby remains a gentleman.
Jim strikes a deal with Hands and upholds his end of the bargain by giving him food. In contrast, Hands acts like the other pirates and mutineers in the novel by striking a deal he has no intention of keeping. This deception is signaled by Hands’s “odd smile” (241) at the end of Chapter 25. Hands enacts his deception in Chapter 26, when he tries to get Jim to go below deck for a moment and then procures a knife. But just as the captain was one step ahead of the dishonest John Silver in Chapter 20 and knew to be on the lookout for a trick, so too is Jim wary of the pirate’s tricks, and he spies on Hands as he grabs the knife. Jim’s skepticism and distrust ultimately save his life and show that he has grown a lot since first believing John Silver’s friendly facade earlier in the novel.
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By Robert Louis Stevenson