A Roman poet influenced by Epicurus, known for his work On the Nature of Things, which explores Epicurean philosophy. His nearly lost manuscript is rediscovered by Poggio in 1417.

An ancient Greek philosopher who proposed that the universe operates without divine intervention and that humans should seek pleasure and happiness. His ideas are encapsulated in Lucretius' poem.

An Italian priest and philosopher known for advocating the existence of numerous stars and planets, a belief that led to his persecution and eventual execution by the Inquisition.

A Czech priest who criticized church corruption and was executed for his beliefs, becoming one of the early figures in religious reform movements.

The powerful ruler of the Catholic Church in the 1400s, involved in secular and spiritual affairs, and employing Poggio as a secretary during this time.

A collector of antiquities and a student of Salutati, Niccoli is a friend of Poggio and one of the first to receive a copy of On the Nature of Things. He was also instrumental in developing italic script.

The chancellor of Florence who mentored Poggio and Niccoli, encouraging their interest in classical studies and the search for ancient texts.

A Neapolitan cardinal who became pope but was later deposed. His deposition indirectly led Poggio to his manuscript discoveries.

The Roman emperor who established Christianity as the state religion, which suppressed pagan literature during the Middle Ages.

A French essayist of the 16th century who drew upon Lucretian and Epicurean concepts, introducing them into his writings and influencing later literary figures.

An English statesman and author of Utopia, a novel reflecting his attempt to reconcile Epicurean philosophy with Christian beliefs.