The Spanish Tragedy

Content Warning: This section of the guide describes and analyzes the source text’s depiction of violence, murder, self-harm, and death by suicide. 

As the Knight Marshal, Hieronimo begins the play as a figure of traditional, state-sanctioned justice. He presides over Pedringano’s execution and receives petitions from subjects hoping he will intercede on their behalf with the king. Once Horatio is murdered, however, Hieronimo becomes increasingly disillusioned with the law, feeling compelled to take vengeance into his own hands. Through his dilemma, The Spanish Tragedy explores the complexities of justice and revenge.

Initially, after Horatio’s murder, Hieronimo decides to turn to the king for justice. Hieronimo believes in the justice system of the court; indeed, as Knight Marshal, he is an important part of it. Throughout the play, characters come to him with grievances because, as one petitioner puts it, “There is not any Advocate in Spain / That can prevail or will take half the pain / That he will, in pursuit of equity” (3.13.53-55). Hieronimo has a reputation for fairness and justice, making him well-liked by courtiers and commoners alike. However, his own faith in justice is shattered when he is repeatedly denied justice for Horatio’s death.