99 pages 3 hours read

The School Story

Fiction | Novel | Middle Grade | Published in 2001

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Chapters 19-20Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Chapter 19 Summary: “The Red Pencil Blues”

About a week later, Ms. Clayton picks up an envelope from the mail at the rented office. She presents it to the girls the next day. Inside, they find a letter from Natalie’s mom attached to a copy of the manuscript. There are dozens of markings throughout the manuscript. The letter indicates that it is time for Cassandra Day to begin polishing the book. Hannah Nelson has marked up page after page with suggestions and edits. Natalie feels overwhelmed by how much work she now must do and discouraged that the book has so much to fix. Ms. Clayton tries to encourage Natalie, pointing out the praise for the book in her mother’s letter. Zoe tells Natalie to stop whining because now this is in her hands. The girls get heated for a moment before Ms. Clayton calms them down. 

As they leave school, Zoe stops Natalie and apologizes. Zoe feels powerless now that everything is out of her hands. Natalie expresses that she wishes they’d never done this because it put her mother’s job at risk and now Natalie has a load of work. Natalie worries no one will buy the book anyway. Zoe gives Natalie a pep talk and realizes that her part in this isn’t over. Zoe knows it’s her duty to keep Natalie motivated and thinking positively. 

Natalie slowly works through the revisions over the course of four weeks, corresponding back and forth with her own mother through notes and mail. She’s managed to avoid any sort of face-to-face meeting during this time, despite Hannah Nelson’s best efforts to meet Cassandra Day. At one point, Natalie encounters a note from Hannah remarking on the relationship between the main character and her father. Hannah expresses that the scene makes her think of her own family, her own father and her daughter. This note means a lot to Natalie. To avoid revealing herself through handwriting, Natalie has Zoe copy her notes before sending them back to Hannah. 

Finally, the manuscript is sent back to the office in a fresh format, called an advance reader’s copy. The book is finally done. Natalie is given two advance reader’s copies. She gives one to Ms. Clayton and one to Zoe. Along with the copies is a letter from Hannah explaining the significance of these copies and who they will go to. Reviewers will receive these copies so they can write about the book before its release. The letter also mentions that reviews will help boost sales. Zoe fixates on this detail and decides to hatch another plan.

Chapter 20 Summary: “Family and Friends”

In mid-April, Zoe calls Hannah as Zee Zee Reisman to suggest a publication party for The Cheater. Hannah is unsure at first, since most books don’t get such, but as she thinks the idea over she comes around to it. 

The Cheater begins getting early reviews that praise the book highly, giving Hannah the final push to go ahead with a party. Hannah speaks to Tom directly about setting up the party. She worries about what Letha will say or do but realizes she’s not as afraid of Letha as she once was. Hannah and Zee Zee set up the party for a Friday in June. Hannah and her coworkers are excited to finally meet Cassandra Day. Zoe keeps these plans to herself. 

In June, Zoe convinces Natalie to invite Ms. Clayton to the publishing office for a tour on the day of the party. Natalie gets permission from her mother for the tour. Hannah, who works on the 14th floor, has been organizing the party all day on the 16th floor. Natalie and Zoe show Ms. Clayton around the 14th floor, but Natalie is unsure where her mother and most of the other workers are. 

On the 16th floor, a news crew has arrived. Hannah is impressed that her coworkers have managed to recruit a news crew for the small party. On the 14th floor, Zoe suggests they go find Natalie’s mom. Letha encounters them and acts as pleasant as she can, given her disdain for Natalie and her mother. Letha points Natalie and the group toward the 16th floor, thinking Natalie might get in trouble for crashing the party. 

When they arrive on the 16th floor, Natalie is shocked to find the publishing party for Cassandra Day. The cameraman for the news focuses on the group. When Hannah approaches them, Zoe introduces Natalie as Cassandra Day. Hannah’s expression is a mixture of shock, confusion, and admiration. Natalie confirms that she wrote The Cheater. Natalie and her mother embrace. Natalie tells her mother that Zoe is Zee Zee Reisman, and Zoe joins the hug. Ms. Clayton cries at the tender moment. She feels victorious in her own way. The camera crew catches everything on film. 

It turns out, Zoe contacted the news. She sent them her advance reader’s copy along with an explanation of the entire story of the two girls who got a book published. She promised that the revelation of the author’s true identity would happen at the publishing party and invited them to come along. 

After the party, Natalie and her mom head home, talking about the process and laughing the whole time. Hannah has many questions for Natalie about the whole thing, and each answer leaves her more impressed by her daughter and Zoe’s skills. Hannah expresses that she was worried about Natalie reading the book because the passages about the main character and her father might be hard for Natalie. Natalie replies that they were hard to write but she wanted to dedicate that to her father. Hannah says Natalie’s father is very proud of her. 

Two weeks later, to coincide with the release of The Cheater, the news runs the story over the book and features Natalie, Zoe, Hannah, and Ms. Clayton on the slot as well as interviews with several others involved, including Letha, who claims she somehow knew Hannah needed to edit The Cheater. The news segment boosts the sales of the book, and more publicity for the girls and the book follows. The book makes the New York Times Children’s Bestseller List. Along the way, Zoe has turned down several offers to buy her company, the Sherry Clutch Literary Agency. 

In the aftermath, Letha accepts a job at a new publishing company as vice president. Hannah gets promoted into Letha’s now-vacant position. Natalie and Zoe’s school, the Deary School, sees record-high applications and enrollment. Ms. Clayton receives commendation for supporting the girls. 

While sitting in her new office, Hannah opens The Cheater to see the dedication is written to the author’s mother and father, as well as to Zoe and Ms. Clayton. She wonders how she missed that before. 

Zoe and Natalie discuss royalty checks. Natalie thinks Zoe deserves more than 15%, but Zoe says Natalie did the hard part and deserves the share she’s getting. Zoe says she won’t be offended if Natalie gets a real agent for her next book, but Natalie is adamant about keeping Zoe. As they eat Italian ice together, Natalie thinks about how she’ll embody this good feeling in her next work.

Chapters 19-20 Analysis

The final two chapters of the novel feature the climax of the story and further exploration of the book’s main themes. These chapters also wrap up the story arcs for the five central characters of the book. 

In Chapter 19, upon receiving her first edited draft from the publishing company, Natalie feels discouraged and overwhelmed by the “dozens of Post-it notes—the yellow ones were editorial suggestions, and the pink ones flagged grammar questions” (163-64). Natalie feels like this means her book isn’t good, but Ms. Clayton responds that Natalie’s mom is “telling you how to make a good book into a great book” (164). Ms. Clayton encourages Natalie to take it slow and not feel overwhelmed by the number of edits she must work through. Later, when Natalie expresses to Zoe that she’s worried the book won’t turn out right or will not be popular, Zoe gives Natalie a pep talk as well. Zoe asks, “How could anyone not like this book, Natalie? This book is so good that even Letha the Grumphead liked it, remember?” (166).

Between Ms. Clayton and Zoe’s encouraging talks, Natalie finds the motivation to press onward and work through the multitude of edits. These moments build on the overarching theme of The Power of Positive Thinking and Perseverance. This theme is also developed on Zoe’s side by her actions once the book is fully in Natalie’s hands. Zoe at first feels as though her “part in all this is over,” and she doesn’t “know what to do” now that the book just needs to be edited (165). However, after encouraging Natalie, Zoe realizes “her part in all this wasn’t over, not by a long shot” (167). Zoe then takes it upon herself to organize a publication party for The Cheater with the publisher. Zoe goes to great lengths to ensure the party happens, and she even recruits the news to cover the party to generate more publicity for the book. Zoe’s work sets the stage for the novel’s climax and helps to communicate the value in perseverance.

The success of the publication party is not entirely on Zoe, however. As Natalie works through her edits, she and Hannah build a relationship outside the confines of their familial ties. Through their back and forth, “Natalie felt like she was getting to know her mom in a way she never had before” (168). Hannah also “felt close to Cassandra Day and had loved their little exchanges about the manuscript” (176). Because of this closeness and her desire to meet Cassandra Day in person, Hannah eventually agrees to Zee Zee Reisman’s idea of a publication party because it gives her an opportunity to be face to face with Cassandra Day. The theme of Honesty Versus Deceit is developed through these character interactions. Without the cover of Cassandra Day, Natalie would not have been able to get to know her mother on a professional level. This deception also creates the mystery around Cassandra Day that motivates Hannah Nelson to go along with the party idea, showing how deception can be beneficial in some circumstances. 

This theme returns for the day of the party. Zoe does not tell Natalie or Ms. Clayton about the publication party. In fact, “Zoe had bugged [Natalie] and begged her and driven her batty” because she wanted Natalie to bring Ms. Clayton to the publishing company for a tour. It isn’t until they arrive on the 16th floor that the party is revealed to Natalie, creating an intense moment for Natalie to realize that there is an entire party for her and her book. Zoe’s deception about her motivations for wanting to visit the publishing office sets up a heartfelt moment that leads into the climax of the book, in which Natalie and Zoe reveal the true identities of Cassandra Day and Zee Zee Reisman to Natalie’s mom and the rest of the publishing company. This revelation finally unifies the identities of Natalie and Cassandra Day in Hannah’s eyes and relieves Natalie of the burden of keeping everything a secret from her mother. This honesty that follows a long pattern of deception creates a sense of relief for the characters, allowing the rest of the book to come to a smooth close. 

Natalie’s book as a motif for The Effects of Loss is revisited both during the editing process and after the final revelation. While editing The Cheater, Hannah writes a note about the scene with the girl and her father, expressing how it makes her “think about my own life, and my father, and my own daughter’s life too” (169). Hannah Nelson picks up on the heartfelt exploration of father-daughter relationships that Natalie included in the novel even without knowing the direct connection between the book and Natalie.

This connection is further explored after Natalie reveals herself as the author. Hannah tells Natalie that she “almost didn’t want you to read this book [...] because of the parts about Angela and her father. I thought those sections might be too hard for you” (189). Natalie responds that “[t]hose parts were hard to write. But I wanted to remember Daddy. I wanted to feel what it would be like if he was still here. I don’t want to forget him, not ever” (189). Natalie still feels the effects of her father’s death, and she has channeled that emotion into her writing. The strong relationship between her main character and her main character’s father is a representation of the way Natalie wishes her own father were still present in her life. These moments emphasize the theme of The Effects of Loss by using the book as a motif for exploring those effects. 

These chapters close out the character arcs for the main characters and give happy endings to everyone, even Letha. Natalie and Zoe’s arcs wrap up in the final pages of Chapter 20. Having succeeded in their plan, their friendship is stronger than ever, despite the ups and downs the girls experienced through the publishing process. This is proven in their interactions at the end of summer. Natalie wants to give Zoe a bigger portion of the book’s royalties, but Zoe argues that “I helped get it to the right person, but after that, it was all you. My share’s just right” (195). Zoe also suggests that Natalie “hire a real agent” for her next book, but Natalie rebuts, “Who could be more real than you?” (195). The aftermath of publishing The Cheater shows that the girls have an everlasting bond, made stronger by their experiences throughout the novel. Natalie feels so good in this moment that she “[wants] to put this feeling into a book someday” (196), showing that Natalie’s confidence as a writer has grown throughout the book. 

Hannah, Ms. Clayton, and Letha also get positive endings. Because of the success of The Cheater, Letha is offered a better position at a different publishing company, which she takes. With Letha’s absence, Hannah is promoted into Letha’s former position, which is “a big jump for her” (192). Additionally, Ms. Clayton’s involvement boosts the popularity of the Deary School as well as her own popularity among teachers and students. The positive outcomes for all characters involved is a direct result of the hard work of Zoe and Natalie to get the book published and recognized, showing that hard work, positive thinking, and perseverance are invaluable qualities to have.

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