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Poppies are a recurring motif throughout the novel and carry both internal and external symbolism. External to the story, poppies are widely known as symbols of World War I and for remembering fallen soldiers. Thomas quotes from John McCrae’s famous poem as he and Ruby discuss a photo of her childhood poppy fields: “In Flanders fields the poppies blow / Between the crosses, row on row” (344). Today, people often wear paper or fabric poppies to honor those who fought for their countries in the World Wars.
In the narrative, the poppies are also an important symbol to Ruby as they represent her childhood home. They symbolize not only a place, but the safety, wonder, and love associated with that place. As Ruby explains, “When I was a little girl, I imagined fairies living among them, and even when I was older, I believed somehow in the flowers’ magic” (354). This symbolism comes to embody not only her past but also her imagined future with Thomas. As Thomas continues his journey, he dreams of the poppy fields himself; they become a symbol of everything he’s working toward. At their moment of death, both Thomas and Ruby envision each other in a poppy field, symbolizing their enduring love.
Poppies also act as “bookends” for the novel and feature prominently in the first and final chapters. Charlotte and Lucien visit their poppy fields for the final time right before Charlotte’s death. In her final moments, Lucien reflects on the way the poppies changed color under what he believes to be Ruby’s influence. This illustrates how the poppy fields become an eternal connective thread that links all the central characters together across time.
Food and drink play an important role in several key moments in the story. This is particularly apparent in some of Ruby’s best moments with Thomas; they take what meager resources they have and use them to create meaningful connections through food. During Thomas’s first visit, he makes Ruby a cheese sandwich. Ruby is astonished by this act of kindness because it represents a type of loving affection she never received from Marcel.
On his following visit, Ruby observes the American Thanksgiving. She prepares for herself and Thomas a makeshift Thanksgiving feast and invites him to share in a proper one after the war. In this moment, the sharing of food becomes both a celebration and a way of connecting with one’s heritage—in this case, Ruby’s link to her family and previous life in America.
As Ruby’s fortunes decline through her arrest and imprisonment, she becomes very hungry and her reliance on food as a basic human need is severed. However, she is given food as an act of kindness by Nadia and by the Red Cross driver, helping to restore her struggling faith in humanity. In this way, the sharing of food and drink once again becomes a source of human connection.
Under the new Nazi regulations, Charlotte and her family are forced to wear yellow six-pointed stars that identify them as being Jewish. The irony is that the six-pointed stars are a sacred symbol of their faith, and the color should represent positive elements like sunlight, happiness, and harmony. More than simply ostracizing them from the community, these yellow stars take something deeply personal and turn it into a weapon.
Identifying marks for Jews and other religious minorities didn’t arise with the Nazi regime; it is an ancient practice that is believed to have originated in the seventh century. However, they took on new meaning during World War II, becoming a form of psychological warfare designed to isolate Jewish people from the rest of the world. The first time Charlotte emerges from the house with her yellow star, she receives a dizzying amount of abuse from people in her neighborhood. Although her father assures her, “It’s just a star of David […] Nothing to be ashamed of. After all, we’re proud to be Jewish” (233), it’s clear that the family has undergone an irreparable social shift. The mandatory yellow stars are thus an important symbol of the Nazis’ antisemitic laws and the escalating nature of Jewish persecution during the Holocaust.
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