53 pages • 1 hour read
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Content Warning: This section of the guide includes discussion of death and bullying.
James dislikes science class at school because it’s boring and because he shares the class with a bully who constantly makes fun of his mom’s weight. One day, when James gets sick of the taunts, he shoves the girl against a wall, where a nail scratches her face and makes her start bleeding. Feeling guilty and afraid, James runs home, expecting his mom will have heard about the incident and be furious. Instead, his mom is drinking with James’s deadbeat uncle. James tries to tell his mom what happened, but she doesn’t want to hear it. She sends him to pick up his younger sister (Lauren) at school, telling him, “Get out, James, before I lose my temper” (6).
James has all the games and toys he could want because his mom runs a shoplifting ring of thieves. When James arrives at his sister’s school, a group of moms give him lists of what they want James’s mom to steal for them. After collecting Lauren, the two head home, where the brother of the girl in James’s class jumps them and beats James up. Lauren chastises James for picking a fight with the girl and starts to leave, but she goes back for him, realizing “she couldn’t abandon her brother, even if he was an idiot” (13).
At home, James’s uncle is gone, and his mom still hasn’t talked to his school. After washing off the blood and applying antiseptic to his cuts, James calls his friend, who informs him he’s probably going to be suspended for the incident at school. James asks if his friend wants to come play video games, but his friend says no. After what James did, James’s friend doesn’t want to become a target for bullies, and though he thinks James is a good friend, he notes, “At the moment being your friend is a suicide mission” (19).
In the middle of the night, James realizes he’s peeing blood. When he goes to tell his mom, he finds she’s dead. James and Lauren go to the emergency room with their mom’s body. James’s internal bleeding—a result of being beaten up earlier—should stop on its own, and a social worker will help the kids find someone to stay with.
The next morning, James wakes in a home for displaced kids and feels distanced from reality, as if he were “sitting in an armchair watching himself on television” (23). One of the home’s workers explains that, since Lauren is the child of James’s uncle, he gets automatic custody of her, but the man doesn’t want James, meaning James will go into the foster care system.
James returns to his apartment to collect what he can take with him. His mom kept a safe with all her stolen money in the closet, and James knows he has to get it before his uncle can. James finds the safe’s combination in one of his mom’s books and takes the cash inside, replacing it with a picture to anger his uncle. Lastly, he grabs an old hairbrush his mom used to use on his hair, and “once he had the brush it felt easier to leave” (36).
Altogether, there is $43,000 in the safe. James hides most of it in a gutted VCR and scatters the rest in obvious places, figuring if his uncle comes looking, he’ll take what he finds and not realize there’s more in the VCR. In addition, James takes a few of the things his mom stole for him, including his gaming console and a skateboard. When James’s roommate, Kyle, comes home from school, the boys spend the evening getting to know each other and playing video games. After Kyle goes to sleep, James remembers there was an envelope mixed in with his mom’s cash. Inside, he finds a key and a business card for Rex Depositary that states, “Deposit Your Valuables with Total Discretion and Security” (43).
James’s first day at his new school is neither great nor horrible. Afterward, he has his first meeting with a therapist, where he admits he sometimes is terrible to others because it helps him feel like he has power over his life. The therapist ends the session by asking James to do a math problem in his head. James solves it in seconds, explaining that he’s always had a head for numbers but hates showing it off because “it makes [him] feel like a freak” (50). That night, James goes out with a group of older boys at the home who vandalize cars.
Over the next three weeks, James goes to school during the day and hangs out with the gang at night so he can fall into bed exhausted and not think about whether his sister is suffering. He receives a caution from the police about his incident at school in Chapter 1, which means he will receive a harsher punishment if he’s found guilty of a crime before he turns 18. That night while he’s out with the gang, James insults one of the members, who orders James to rob a liquor store to make up for it. When James goes inside to grab the beer, the boys hold the door closed until the shopkeeper grabs James and calls the police. The officer is the same one who gave James his caution that morning. He thinks the judge will let James off with a fine but warns him to think about where he’s headed, saying, “If you don’t start making better choices you’ll be spending most of your life in a cell” (65).
The next day, James wakes at a strange place called CHERUB with no memory of how he got there. Dr. Terrence McAfferty (Mac), the chairman of CHERUB, informs James that CHERUB is a facility where kids are trained to be spies for British Intelligence. James asks why CHERUB would want him when he gets into so much trouble, and Mac explains that “the things that get you into trouble in the outside world are the sort of qualities we look for here” (71). There is an entrance exam that lasts the rest of the day, and if James takes it, he’ll be given a few days to decide if he wants to enroll. James agrees.
The first part of the exam is five martial arts sparring matches, where James is beaten badly. Next is a written exam James feels would have been easy if he wasn’t in so much pain from the first test. Next, Mac orders James to kill a chicken, because if someone wants to eat it, someone has to kill it. James argues he’s only a kid and that he isn’t being paid to kill chickens. Mac gives him money and instructs him on how to kill the bird, which James does. Next is an obstacle course that requires James to make jumps at a great height. James is terrified but gets through. Finally, James is asked to dive into a pool and retrieve a brick. After nearly drowning years ago, James refuses and walks away.
Back with Mac, James is sure he failed all the tests, but Mac explains he passed them all at varying levels. James passed the first test because he knew when to give up instead of letting his pride get him badly hurt. He scored exceptionally on the math problems on the third exam and moderately on the language ones. He nearly failed the third test because he let Mac bully him into killing the chicken, and he passed the fourth through sheer force of will and courage. The instructors knew James couldn’t swim, and he passed the last test for understanding his limitations. All in all, Mac is pleased with how James performed and tells him, “I’m happy to offer you a place at CHERUB” (85).
By opening the novel with the struggles James faces both at home and at school, Robert Muchamore sets up James’s internal and external conflicts, as well as how his life will change as a result of these conflicts, and introduces the major theme of The Power of Extremes. These chapters are marked by rapid changes that pinball James from one extreme to another. He transitions from a fairly stable home life to the death of his mother to foster care and petty crime to testing for and being accepted by CHERUB. At the start, James is generally a good kid who cares about his mom and sister, but he has a tendency to lose his temper and get into fights. However, though full of conflict, James’s early situation is not as bad as he thinks it is. While his mother makes her money through illegal means, James is provided for and even has much more than many other kids because his mom has stolen games and toys for him. Though James doesn’t realize it yet, this life of gratification has given him the expectation that he doesn’t have to work for anything and that he should just be allowed to do whatever he wants to do. As the story progresses, this attitude gets James into trouble, especially after his mother dies and he begins hanging out with gang members who encourage criminal behavior. In these early chapters, James believes his inability to stay out of trouble is a purely negative quality, foreshadowing how his outlook changes once he becomes involved with CHERUB, which will teach him a more nuanced view of his strengths and weaknesses. In this section, James begins to realize that he has a responsibility, both to himself and to society, and must own his actions, a lesson that is reinforced by life at CHERUB and the rigors of basic training.
The death of James’s mom and his friend abandoning him are the triggers that catapult James into the main part of the story and his character arc. Specifically, his mother’s death reveals the strong bond James and Lauren share, and this bond becomes a motivation for James throughout the book as he does whatever he needs to do to make sure she’s okay. In addition, James’s relationship with his sister sets up for Lauren to also be recruited by CHERUB, the event that ultimately brings the siblings back together. While they are separated after the death of their mother, James’s time at the children’s home forces him to be fully on his own for the first time. He begins to realize that, while his living situation was not the best, it offered a level of stability and protection he no longer has. As a result, James seeks belonging, which causes him to get mixed up with a bad crowd and get into trouble. The police officer’s words in Chapter 8 introduce the second major theme, Making Difficult Choices. Up until now, James hasn’t thought critically about the consequences of his actions and has simply done what made him feel good at the time. The police officer’s words are a wake-up call, and they help James start to understand that the choices he makes now will influence the trajectory of his life. This ultimately leads him to take a place at CHERUB because, even if the life of a spy is difficult, James knows it’s better than continuing to get in trouble.
The entrance exams for CHERUB in Chapter 10 foreshadow the type of challenges James will face as a member of CHERUB. In addition, Muchamore’s decision to tell the story strictly from James’s perspective comes into play here as James tries to make sense of the tests. The order of the tests is intentional and meant to show how James performs under pressure—for example, having the written exam after the sparring matches so James’s concentration is lowered by pain. In the aftermath of the exams, James’s certainty he failed supports how he has equated success or failure with winning or losing, but Mac’s explanations reveal that CHERUB isn’t just about being the best or always “succeeding” at a task. In particular, the swimming test shows how CHERUB prioritizes good decision-making, and it introduces the third major theme, What It Means to Be Afraid. Mac’s revelation that James was specifically tested with swimming reveals that CHERUB treats every kid like an individual rather than like a cog in a machine. CHERUB understands that each agent will have specific strengths and weaknesses, and the organization’s ability to work with individual strengths makes it successful. James’s belief that he failed the swimming test because he let his fear get the better of him shows that he considers fear a weakness. This supports James’s past record of getting into trouble by showing that James has acted to cover up fear rather than admit he was scared. While James is ultimately forced to overcome his fear of swimming, his initial decision to walk away from a situation rather than unnecessarily risk his life shows that he has the capacity to make good judgments.
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