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In the novel, Black illustrates Oak’s relationship to The Exploration of Identity and Self-Discovery through his power. From an early age, Oak is defined by his charm—both in the literal and figurative sense. Unlike the brute strength or overt magic used by other characters, his power operates through subtlety. His gancanagh heritage, inherited from his mother, Liriope, grants him an innate ability to influence others by swaying emotions, bending wills, and planting desires in the minds of those around him by telling them precisely what they want to hear.
The ability, while seemingly advantageous, is a source of deep anxiety and self-doubt for Oak, representing his relationship to his identity. It is the tension between who Oak truly is and who he appears to be. As his gift is inherently tied to persuasion and emotional manipulation, it raises the question of the authenticity of his interactions with others, even to himself. If he can compel someone to love or trust him, he cannot be certain which emotions are real. In the flashbacks to his childhood, Oriana warns him about losing himself to it: “You can make people see you the way they want to see you. This seems harmless, but it can be dangerous to become everything a person wants. And more dangerous for you to twist yourself into shapes others choose for you” (183).
While he tries to avoid using it to the full extent of his ability, Oak’s power often leaks out and becomes the mask he wears in courtly life. He plays the role of the charming, carefree prince and manipulates the conspirators into their demise. Despite trying to stay away from his charm, he tends to default to using it, including when Wren’s heart stops in the novel’s climax. He attempts to charm her back to life. However, it is only when he stops trying to use his charm, removes his metaphorical mask, and instead becomes open about his vulnerabilities that he is able to save her.
Unlike most of the characters, Wren was not born but is instead a creation of magic, a girl made from sticks and given the cursed heart of Mellith. In The Stolen Heir, Mellith’s heart is the object the characters seek to stop Lady Nore. Now, however, the heart becomes a symbol of the dual nature of power to create and to destroy.
Early in the story, the powers granted to Wren by the heart are primarily associated with destruction. It is imbued with unmaking magic, which can unravel objects, enchantments, and even living beings. This destructive power makes her both feared and sought after by various factions. However, by the end of the novel, Wren learns to reactivate its potential for creation. She uses it to reshape the world around her, as seen in the transformation of the Stone Forest and the construction of her obsidian castle in place of the former Ice Needle Citadel.
The duality of the power of Mellith’s heart parallels the duality within Wren herself. She is both something natural and artificial, both a person and a weapon. Just as she learns to wield her heart’s magic for good, she also learns to reconcile the different parts of her identity. By embracing both aspects of her power, Wren can move beyond the limitations imposed on her by others and forge her own path.
The golden bridle is a key symbol in the text, reflecting the problems of agency and self-discovery that both Oak and Wren grapple with throughout the novel. The bridle symbolizes the confining power of other people’s expectations and manipulations, from which both protagonists must break free.
Wren was forced to wear the bridle as a child during her abusive upbringing, and her face still bears the scars. Her long-term experience of helplessness has made her mistrustful and defensive towards others, with Wren retreating into violence and detachment as a form of self-protection. When Oak is her prisoner, she forces him to wear the golden bridle so that he will be forced to do her bidding. Her use of the bridle to control someone else the way she was once controlled speaks to her traumatic past and her fear of trusting others. While Oak does experience the bridle as inconvenient and frustrating, he is able to charm his way out of having to wear it by persuading Hyacinthe to remove it.
Later in the text, at the feast to celebrate Oak and Wren’s supposed engagement, Wren chooses to destroy the bridle with her magic instead of surrendering it. Her destruction of the bridle marks an important moment in her character development, revealing that Wren is starting to have a greater sense of agency and control. The bridle's destruction also ends the inherent power imbalance that existed between Wren and Oak at the beginning of the text, paving the way for their eventual reconciliation.
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By Holly Black