63 pages 2 hours read

The Humans

Fiction | Novel | Adult

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Part 1, Chapters 11-21Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Part 1: “I Took My Power in My Hand”

Part 1, Chapter 11 Summary: “The World as Will and Representation”

Zoë says she recognizes Andrew from somewhere. She realizes that he’s a math professor, a “legend” as she says, but assures him she was never his student. Andrew feels claustrophobic but carries on the conversation. Zoë tells Andrew that she’s not interested in math but loves philosophy. Schopenhauer’s book The World as Will and Representation, about the ways in which humans project their cravings onto the world and therefore remain unfulfilled, drove her to madness. She points out some of the other patients in the dining hall and what their unique tics are. Andrew decides that Zoë would be a good person to help him understand big ideas about human beings. He asks her what she thinks the meaning of life is, and she replies that there is none. He asks her about love, but she says she only dates violent men and can’t tell him much about how love really works. He realizes that he needs to talk to Isobel, who might know more about what human Andrew has been up to. He settles on the idea that humans are not prepared to handle the human Andrew’s discovery of extraterrestrial life.

Part 1, Chapter 12 Summary: “Amnesia”

Andrew resolves to convince the doctor to discharge him. He calmly assures the doctor that he’s not mad or sad, just under a lot of pressure at work. He talks about memories of his past to show the doctor his grip on reality. The doctor takes some brain scans and decides that Andrew is not permanently ill and will recover from his momentary lapse of mental health. Andrew is reminded by his home planet to avoid the temptation to trust humans. Human beings have led their planet to destruction, and Andrew must remember that every individual human, no matter how kind or smart they seem, is a contributor to the problem.

Part 1, Chapter 13 Summary: “4 Campion Row”

Professor Andrew Martin’s home is large and white. Andrew spends some time sleeping, mostly trying to avoid Isobel lest he feel connected to her, a distinct possibility that could compromise his mission. He sees photographs of the family, some radiating with happiness, others portraying a false happiness. 

Part 1, Chapter 14 Summary: “The War and Money Show”

Isobel brings the television set into the bedroom so Andrew can watch the news. While watching the news, Andrew learns three important lessons about life on Earth. The first is that the news refers to news that only directly affects humans, without mention of the other lifeforms on Earth. The second is that the news is mostly about politics, war, and money. Third, humans care more about the news that is closest to them geographically. When Andrew sees a story of his mental breakdown on the local news station, he realizes why the telephone in the house is constantly ringing. Isobel tries to keep people away from Andrew and cooks for him. He asks her why she helps him so much, and she says that that is the true question of their marriage. Andrew asks Isobel if their marriage has been a bad one, but she avoids answering the question.

Part 1, Chapter 15 Summary: “A Stranger”

Andrew wonders about their child and why he and Isobel only have one. Isobel leaves the house to go to the grocery store, so Andrew searches the house. He finds a sleeping dog and a computer that seems primitive to him. He searches the computer for evidence of the Riemann hypothesis but finds nothing. He does, however, find directions to Andrew’s office at Fitzwilliam College, memorizes the directions, then leaves the house against Isobel’s clear instructions to stay in bed. 

Part 1, Chapter 16 Summary: “Starting the Sequence”

At the university, Andrew asks a cleaning lady who seems to recognize him for directions to his office. He runs into another woman who asks him how he is, then enters his office. He turns on the computer and finds what he’s been sent to look for: Professor Andrew Martin’s write-up of the Riemann hypothesis. The file is title “Zeta.”

Part 1, Chapter 17 Summary: “Primes”

In reading “Zeta,” Andrew finds out that human beings who have been close to mathematical genius have often suffered from breakdowns because the complex nature of math has a strong effect on their nervous systems. The theory of prime numbers is particularly difficult for human beings because there are rules to the theory but also exceptions to the rules. Math, therefore, allows humans to understand more about their world while also revealing how little is knowable about that world. Andrew deletes the file, satisfied that he has erased evidence of the truth of his species’ existence. 

Part 1, Chapter 18 Summary: “The Distribution of Prime Numbers”

Andrew is horrified to discover that there are other copies of this file. He finds an email sent by Andrew to Professor Daniel Russell, the Lucasian Professor of Mathematics at Cambridge University. Andrew had attached his report about the Riemann hypothesis to this email, and in the body of the message he told Daniel Russell that for now, the report was for his eyes only. Andrew deletes the email and the attachment, then creates a virus on the computer so that nothing can be accessed again. He does everything quickly so he can get back home before Isobel. His home planet reminds him that erasing a file is not the same thing as getting rid of the threat, so Andrew has more work ahead of him.

Part 1, Chapter 19 Summary: “Glory”

Andrew finds Isobel’s book on the Dark Ages in the house and inspects it closer. He realizes that Isobel is a well-respected and well-reviewed historian. When she comes back from her grocery shopping, he asks her about Daniel Russell. She reminds him that he and Daniel are colleagues, not friends—though that second fact has more to do with Andrew being intimidated by Daniel. Andrew asks her if he had told her about proving the Riemann hypothesis before his hospitalization. She confirms that he did not, but that if he did, they would be millionaires. As it turns out, there is a huge amount of money being offered as a prize for discovering the truth of the Riemann hypothesis. He asks her if she thinks money is what motivates him, and she replies that money and most importantly glory are what inspires Andrew. She tells him, coolly, that his attention stems from a complex with his mother, and he wonders if this is always the way they speak to each other—with frank, almost bitter directness. 

Part 1, Chapter 20 Summary: “Dark Matter”

Gulliver, Andrew’s son, comes back home but goes directly to his room. While Gulliver and Isobel are both out of sight, Andrew telephones the number he finds on a slip of paper in his pants pocket, hoping that it will lead him closer to Daniel Russell. A woman answers but doesn’t identify herself; she teases him about his new reputation as The Naked Professor thanks to the footage on YouTube. Andrew must end the conversation when Gulliver comes into his bedroom. Gulliver is tall with aggressively expressed slogans on his clothes. Gulliver tells Andrew that he’s ruined his life at school and accuses him of never caring about his life. Gulliver yells that the only time Andrew has spoken to him recently was the night before his hospitalization, then storms out to his own room.

Andrew, desperate for more answers about what human Andrew has or has not revealed about the Riemann hypothesis, follows Gulliver. Gulliver begrudgingly concedes that the night before Andrew’s “breakdown,” he told Gulliver that he solved the Riemann hypothesis. Gulliver didn’t tell Isobel, in part because he claims not to care about his father’s career. Gulliver accuses Andrew of hurting the family with his career and proclaims that the money from the prize is inconsequential. Gulliver doesn’t know how to communicate to this version of his father, who is using vulgar language in an effort to relate to Gulliver’s adolescent language. Gulliver has been expelled from school in the past, but it doesn’t seem that the human Andrew spent much time trying to understand him.  

Part 1, Chapter 21 Summary: “Emily Dickinson”

Andrew finds a phone book downstairs and looks for Daniel Russell’s number. The woman who answers the phone tells Andrew that Daniel will call him back. Andrew peruses the books on the shelves. He speed-reads through history books to learn more about humans. What he learns is bleak: Human history is rife with violence and oppression. Then he finds a book of American poetry. Though he finds the poets’ observations obvious, he sees the beauty behind the words and images they evoke. Isobel returns home and tries to cook dinner, but Andrew is put off by the chicken breast she attempts to include in her stir fry. Exasperated and confused, Isobel hands Andrew his medication, and he takes a diazepam pill. His home society warns him to be careful.

Part 1, Chapters 11-21 Analysis

A prevalent theme that is introduced in these chapters is how untrustworthy human beings are. Andrew is consistently warned by his home planet that he needs to be careful with the humans. Through these warnings, Haig raises the question of human culpability on the planet and in the larger universe. The reader is invited to wonder if it is true that every individual human being can be held responsible for the destruction of Earth. Is our mere existence the destruction of our world? Can we stop it? Who is truly to blame for the way that we are? These questions arise through Haig’s first-person narrator, an alien lifeform to Earth. This objective but analytical perspective is important in developing Haig’s overall points about human society, as it would feel more didactic and therefore unengaging if this critique were coming from a human.

As human beings, Haig’s reader will likely want to fight back against this idea that every individual is responsible for the destruction of mankind. However, by coaxing his reader into contemplation, Haig is also able to create foreshadowing. Why is Andrew’s home planet communicating with reminders not to get too emotionally close to the humans? Are they picking up on something that Andrew, as the narrator, is not, such as a potential attraction to human beings?

Through the warnings communicated to Andrew, Haig also implies a warning to his reader. If there are other advanced life forms in the universe and they can see what we’re doing, what will happen to us if they decide that we are not worthy of being saved? Andrew (and, by extension, his society) is repulsed by the ways in which human beings cannot be trusted with advanced technology. In his view, they use the secrets of math and science to destroy and control rather than to build and advance. Haig uses contemporary issues such as war and environmentalism to remind the reader that it is possible that, from an objective viewpoint, human life is not worth saving because we haven’t proven that we are kind enough to be part of the universal community. This warning provides the novel with a subtle tone of foreboding. Earth’s eventual total demise seems to be inevitable. The implication that human beings will not be saved by other species and planets in the universe foreshadows a dystopic future for Haig’s readers.

Haig explores the complex beauty of mathematics and what logical reasoning does to the human mind. Andrew is always taken aback when secondary or marginal characters, such as Zoë, declare that they don’t like math. To Andrew, math is the only true way to understand the universe, and it is much more useful than literature, poetry, historical analysis, or philosophy. He learns that not only are many people averse to learning more about math, but also human beings who have been considered mathematical geniuses have often been driven to madness. This fact seems to prove his society’s belief that humans are not capable of handling the truths of the universe. However, it also points to a deep desire in the human psyche to understand the universe in layered ways. It cannot be true that humans are completely worthless if we are also trying to discover the logic of the universe, even if we are not as advanced a species as the one that populates Andrew’s home planet. Here, Andrew (in his microscopic view of how humans should be rather than how they are) is also missing an important connection between mathematics and the philosophy that he so quickly dismisses. For humans, math is similar to philosophy in that they are both ways of trying to understand what our purpose is on Earth. Humans tend to be existential, much more so than the more practical-minded Andrew. If Andrew can appreciate philosophy and human society’s historical search for meaning, then he might better understand the human Andrew’s drive to solve the Riemann hypothesis.

Despite his emphasis on logical thinking, Andrew does notice the intricacies communicated between humans. For example, he can tell that his marriage to Isobel is fractured because of the way she speaks around him—the way that she doesn’t quite say everything she wants to say even when she’s being direct. Thus far, as a character, Isobel is exasperated by almost everything Andrew says or does. There is a tone of defeat behind each of their conversations, but Andrew doesn’t know where this attitude comes from. Even though he doesn’t know the reason why, he can tell that their marriage is unstable. This dynamic echoes Haig’s earlier questions in the first few chapters about empathy: Do human beings know how to communicate without direct communication? And if so, how do they know how to pick up on one another’s moods? No one has taught Andrew how to see these signs, and yet he seems to know how to do so inherently. Andrew’s relationship with his son, Gulliver, emphasizes cracks in the institution of the Martin household. Gulliver is, in contrast to Isobel, direct about why he doesn’t feel close to his father. He accuses Andrew of being largely absent and uninterested in Gulliver’s life. Andrew is unsure if this comment is simply a result of adolescent psychological weaknesses, but he doesn’t really care. The extraterrestrial Andrew is the same quality of father as the human Andrew, even though human Andrew created this family. Gulliver’s behavior foreshadows potential conflict that could negatively impact Andrew’s mission on Earth. Haig doesn’t yet imply or foreshadow how it would affect the mission, but he does build the foundation for more exploration into the psyche and dynamics of this family. 

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