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The Girl Who Smiled Beads: A Story of War and What Comes After

Nonfiction | Autobiography / Memoir | Adult | Published in 2018

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Chapters 15-18Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Chapter 15 Summary

Claire and Wamariya leave Zaire in 1999. Unable to get to South Africa, they go to Zambia. Wamariya and Claire’s children wait for hours in a market while Claire, determined not to go to another refugee camp, seeks shelter. Wamariya feels as if their lives have “no value” (190).

They stay with a pastor for a couple of weeks before being asked to leave. They then stay with a kind stranger whose sister was killed in the genocide. Claire works in the market during the day, leaving Wamariya with her kids. Claire refuses to prostitute herself, which Wamariya considers “a miracle” (193).

Rob arrives from South Africa, and Claire decides they should move out of the man’s apartment because she is “embarrassed” (194) for her host to see Rob abuse her. They move to Chibolya, an impoverished area of the city that Wamariya considers one of the lowest “level[s] of death” (194). Claire sells clothes at the market. Wamariya tries to keep the kids clean.

Soon the threat of being arrested by immigration officers prevents Claire from returning to the market. Rob is thrown in jail while out with his girlfriend. Claire manages to convince the prison director to set Rob free. One night Rob beats Claire and tells her to leave; Claire, Wamariya, and the children hide outside for the night. Every day Wamariya puts on a dress bought for her by a friend and walks outside with the children so she can “be seen in the world” (202). She wants to feel “like somebody’s somebody” (203).

Claire is accepted into a UN program that sends survivors of genocide to the United States, which to Claire represents “the ultimate land of hustling and rewards” (203). Against her UN contact’s advice, Claire includes Rob. Before they leave, Claire buys them all new clothes. Though Wamariya is excited by the prospect of being in a country in which “[e]verybody becomes rich” (204), she cries on the fight to Chicago because “[n]o one would find us now” (206).

Chapter 16 Summary

Mukamana once told Wamariya a story about how during a thunderstorm, a woman cries so loudly the thunder is offended. She promises to stop crying if he gives her a child. She gives birth to a girl who has a smile so beautiful “that whenever it crosses her lips, out flows a gorgeous trail of beads” (209). When the mother forgets to lock the door, the girl vanishes. In her search, the mother finds that people have only seen the girl’s trail of beads.

When Mukamana told Wamariya this story, she asked what Wamariya thought happened next, allowing Wamariya to determine the plot. Wamariya identified with the girl and believed in possibilities for herself. She imagined herself disappearing when anyone tried to catch her.

At Yale Wamariya reads late into the night and attends parties with classmates. She finds it is “distraction, not connection” (211). She frustrates fellow black students by “instigating debates about the less seemly parts of African culture” (214), namely the subversion of women. Her classmates, who largely are from affluent families, complain that her comments represent “a white man’s view of the African mess” (214).

Rather than go home that summer, she and her boyfriend Zach go to Kenya with a program through Yale. Wamariya believes she is “a special native daughter” who is no longer “a socially worthless refugee” (212); she now has “a certifiably valuable identity” (212). In Mombasa, Kenya, Wamariya is frustrated when people assume she is her white classmates’ translator. Seeing older white men with young African girls reminds her of a man in Rwanda who used to try to lure her away with candy.

Wamariya defies the dress code and walks around the city by herself. She does so in fear “that the person I’d created would be lost” (216). She begins to have nightmares and goes back to Chicago before the program is over.

One day she attempts to fill a prescription wearing her messy babysitting clothes but is turned away. She returns after dressing up. When she speaks to the pharmacist in “a nice Kenilworth girl voice” (218), her prescription is filled.

Chapter 17 Summary

To be whole, Wamariya must “build a self out of elements that are not tainted” (220). She realizes that she must “be brave and vulnerable” to “reach across space” (220) and hold her mother’s hand, even though it is difficult.

In 2010, her second year at Yale, Wamariya visits the Prudence Crandall School for Negro Girls with her photography class. When her professor tells them to walk around and “put together a story from the details [they] saw and felt,” Wamariya realizes that “all the information” she needs to feel whole is “already there” (221).

Wamariya’s life changes when she takes a course on the book On the Natural History of Destruction by W. G. Sebald. In writing about the Holocaust, Sebald plays with time and space; the protagonist “tries to piece together his life story from his obsessions, curiosities, and habits of mind” (224). Wamariya regards the book as her “flashlight, [her] looking glass, [her] everything” (223). The book teaches her that “we live in all times and places at once” (224). The past is always present and can be triggered “to rise to the surface at different times” (224). She learns that she can use her memories to learn about who she is today, and that she can “find order and connection in the world” (226).

That summer she goes to Disneyland with Google, with whom she is interning. Still moved by the loss of her Mickey and Minnie Mouse backpack, she is “stunned” by the reminders of her “lost treasure” (227). She is impressed by the “triumph of imagination” and to this testament to the question, “What do you think happened next?” (227).

Chapter 18 Summary

During spring break in 2012, Wamariya goes to Rwanda with a Yale group that is installing water tanks in a Rwandan community. She is also appointed by President Barack Obama to the board of the Holocaust Memorial Museum in Washington, which sends her to Kigali “to commemorate the twentieth anniversary of the Rwandan genocide” (229). When she arrives, she finds herself falling into her refugee habits, like locating exits. She notices that the city is clean and that a modern new library has been built, its “glass walls” and “soaring ceilings” suggesting “intelligence, hope and space” (230). However, there is a strong military presence.

Wamariya attends a Remembrance Day ceremony at Gatwaro Stadium, where 20 years ago 12,000 people were murdered. During a reenactment of the genocide, people around her scream. Wamariya wants to “disappear” (232), believing the genocide impossible to encapsulate. President Kagame speaks about how the Belgians “spread evil” (233) that led to the killings. Wamariya considers how they “needed to acknowledge facts that are incompatible with a stable faith in humanity” (233). As screaming people become unruly, they are removed by guards, and Wamariya is “ashamed,” unwilling “to keep telling this story to future generations” (234). When she returns home, she takes to bed.

She goes to Israel the following year as part of a Carter Center delegation. There, she meets with Palestinian refugees and sees the security fence that divides Israel and Palestine. She is upset by the military presence and by the way people are led through security like cattle. She is traumatized when she is questioned for two hours over her boots. She cries on the flight home, pondering how at least her American passport means she “could get out of there” (235).

Chapters 15-18 Analysis

Wamariya’s explanation of the story of the girl who smiled beads offers insight into her quest to determine her own future and to avoid being caught by those who would subordinate, misunderstand, or otherwise harm her. Whereas she is “nothing” in “the narrative the world proffered” (210), as the girl who smiled beads, she can create her own identity and be “truly special, undeniably strong and brave” (210). The freedom she feels when she imagines herself as the girl who smiled beads is in direct contrast with her feeling that as a refugee, her life has “no value” (190). Her attempt to retain her identity and to feel as if she is important in this world is also evident in her walking around her poor neighborhood in her nicest dress so she can “be seen in the world” (202) and be “somebody’s somebody” (203). Like the girl who smiled beads and evades capture, Wamariya makes her own decisions despite all those who would force an identity upon her—that of refugee, of sexual object, or of the one who remains home with the children.

At Yale Wamariya continues to attempt to forge her own identity. Though she appreciates the “connection” she makes with “black beauty” and the works of Toni Morison and Maya Angelou, “[t]he slave story […] was not [her] story” (213)—nor are her experiences the experiences of many of her black classmates who come from “financially stable” families (214). She hopes to “be accepted, understood, praised, even embraced” (212) in Kenya, where she will be seen as “a special native daughter” (212). However, when she arrives in Kenya, she is not embraced and her new “certifiably valuable identity” (212) as a US citizen is threatened. She once again has an identity forced on her when she is seen as “[a] worker or a whore” (215), not the “strong” and “brave” girl who has been on Oprah. Desperate to keep hold on the identity she has worked to achieve, she once again defies stifling standards by wearing deliberately provocative clothing and walking around by herself. She wants to prove that she is like Claire, that even being “rejected” and “disparaged” (217) will not threaten the identity she has built.

Rwanda also struggles to reconcile its past and its present. Though the city of Kigali has appeared to move on—the streets are clean, and there is a beautiful new library with glass walls representing “light, intelligence, hope, and peace” (230)—there are officers with guns “at nearly every major intersection” (230), and Wamariya is reminded of the dead in the landmarks that remain. She is upset by the Remembrance Day ceremony reenactment that leaves people screaming, for “[t]here was no way to do this—to gather the country for a few hours to remember nearly a million lives exterminated and the millions more destroyed” (233). Like Wamariya, who instinctively picks up her refugee behavior upon entering the country, Rwanda finds its past an inextricable part of its present.

Wamariya gains insight into how to reconcile her past and her present when she learns to find the answers within herself. Her photography professor’s suggestion that students walk around a historical site and “put together a story from the details [they] saw and felt” shows Wamariya that she already has “all the information” (221) within herself. From her course on W. G. Sebald, Wamariya learns that her inconsistent feelings and “internal flip-flopping” indicate not something “unstable” in her mind but the intricate relationship between present and past, which “is all in there, all the time, a dark cauldron, bubbling” (224). Knowing “we live in all times and places at once” (224) and that her memories serve as “available clues” (226) provides Wamariya with the comfort that the answer is within her. Her trip to Disneyland, which she sees as “a triumph of imagination” (227), further helps her realize that she has the tools to rebuild herself because it is a place where one asks, “What do you think happened next?” (227).

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