31 pages 1 hour read

The Basketball Diaries: The Classic About Growing Up Hip On New York’s Mean Streets

Nonfiction | Autobiography / Memoir | Adult | Published in 1978

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Parts 1-4Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Part 1 Summary: “Fall 1963”

Jim Carroll’s autobiography takes place in New York City during the 1960s. A 13-year-old Jim shares that his coach Lefty signed him up for the Biddy League baseball team for players 12 and under; Lefty provided a fake birth certificate. Jim observes that Lefty might be a “homosexual” (3) as he likes to “put his hand between your legs and pick you up.” He avoids telling his mother this. He describes the makeup of his baseball team as “two Italians, two spades and me” (3)—“spades” being a disparaging term for African Americans at the time. Jim describes a post-game fight between Tony Milliano and Jim’s cousin, Kevin Dolon, but he himself does not get involved—Tony is an imposing boy and Kevin told on Jim earlier that day for spitting on some six-year-olds. Jim also shares an anecdote about getting on a ferry out of town and sniffing Carbona cleaner with Tony and other boys to get high. Jim and his friends sniff too much and begin hallucinating and vomiting. They unintentionally vomit on a man and run to safety before he can catch them. It is not until nightfall when they finally take a ferry back home, “vowing [they’d] never sniff that stuff on any ferry again” (5).

Jim shares a quick story about an elderly woman in his apartment building who acts overtly sexual and loud while yelling about God: He watched her be taken away in an ambulance (presumably to a mental hospital). He then explains the methods he and his friends use to steal handbags off women, going to new parts of town and tricking them. The newspaper refers to them as the “Diaper Bandits” (8) due to their young age, and the name sticks. He returns to talk of his baseball team, explaining that Lefty allows stealing from other teams as long as the targets are not white. However, when the boys buy too many hamburgers and leave Lefty in a pinch after a game, he deserts them to run from the team they just stole from as revenge. Jim describes his friend group, noting that a boy named Herbie made fun of Pedro for having a dysfunctional family, and Pedro proceeded to beat him up. Herbie then gathered a group of friends and beat up Pedro’s brother. Jim observes that “that thing is gonna blow up to a gang war soon” (11).

Despite taking part in theft and other questionable activities, Jim exhibits empathy throughout the first part of the book. He witnesses a man’s business burn down and feels for him. He gets invested in talking to drunk men on the train; when these men get kicked off, he feels “blank and sad like always after that happens” (13). He is also open to the idea of befriending African American peers despite his preconceptions of them. On Halloween, Jim and his friends perform several pranks and get drunk. Jim later moves from the lower east side to the upper tip of Manhattan and has no choice but to return to Catholic school for a year; he received a scholarship to a private school for the upcoming year (thanks to his writing skills). The final big event of the year comprises Jim and his friends getting drunk after a game—with Willie drinking to the point of unconsciousness. A policeman arrived, and Willie was picked up by an ambulance to get his stomach pumped.

Part 2 Summary: “Winter 1964”

Jim opens this part of the book by explaining his religious background—or lack thereof. Despite being baptized as Catholic, he never attended church nor heard about religion at home. But at his new school, he must attend confession. The idea of doing so makes him extremely uncomfortable and resentful, and he gets nervous during his first time in the confession booth. He explains his discomfort to the priest, who lets him leave. The priest gets angry at the man who forced a reluctant Jim into the booth, and Jim is free from the obligation henceforth. Jim briefly discusses an incident in which a boy from a nearby baseball team fell off a roof and died while sniffing glue.

Catholic school has other downfalls as well. Jim earns a 99% on an assignment but a “D” for effort. When he asks what he did wrong, he is strapped across the wrist. Jim confesses, “deep down I think they have the right to boss me around. I’ve got to break loose” (28). He describes the mental health issues of some peers and the poor ways in which they are handled, noting that a boy with epilepsy has constant fits and another becomes catatonic regularly. Cheaters are punished via being struck in the rear with a fan belt. A boy named Mikey is hit several times; the next day, Mikey’s older brother beats up the Brother who carried out the punishment, accusing him of perversion. Jim notes that most of the boys at school are ignorant of being gay and realizes that “Brother G. never did pull that bit with any ugly guys” (36). The teacher is fired, and the class marvels at the idea of having been in the presence of a gay man.

Jim opens up about his first experience with heroin, recalling “vows I’d made never to tough any of that shit when I was five or six. Now with all my friends doing it, all kinds of vows drop out from under me every day” (30). He is pressured by his friends to try heroin and laments that the first rush can never be topped. In his naivety, Jim mixes up the effects of heroin and marijuana, noting that he only does heroin on rare occasions but smokes joints regularly. A 15-year-old Jim proclaims himself an experienced smoker and teaches some older kids how to smoke one afternoon.

Part 3 Summary: “Spring and Summer 1964”

This part begins in the Spring of 1964. Jim believes that the “only good thing about this new neighborhood up here in Inwood is the giant park and the woods” (41). There are caves for exploring, and he revels in the peace and quiet they provide him. Jim also admits he likes to “stare into the star machine and jerk [himself] off” (42) while naked on his roof at night. He explains that this act is not about sex; he seems to be happiest when in a natural state and gets a thrill from putting himself in danger.

Jim gets a summer job at Yankee Stadium selling concession food. He believes his manager leaves him with the lowest paying jobs. Jim spends time swimming in the Harlem River with his friends as well. One day, they all jump naked off a cliff into the water—and one boy injures himself by landing in a flail. Jim jumps and remembers that he “jumped into a jerky dream [...] the feeling [of] being suspended in front of the sheer cliff, mid-air, with the waters rising up sharp and fast at you” (50). He lands successfully, and his friends cheer. A few days later, they break into a baseball field and throw some balls around, only to be caught by police. Jim’s friends describe Jim “doing the ‘James Brown’” (51) as he dodged and weaved to escape. The police catch him and realize he is not the person they are looking for.

Jim loses his job at Yankee Stadium fairly quickly. On a day more stressful than usual, he decides to sit with some girls in the stands to smoke a joint. He is caught and fired. His attitude towards the event is one of apparent indifference and relief. Jim goes on to spend time with his friends playing basketball and baseball, enjoying the organized nature of sports. He also has several sexual encounters, some positive and some negative, most of which are surrounded by drugs and alcohol. Jim has a somewhat objective attitude towards girls, viewing them as means for pleasure. He describes his sexual experience with a girl named Blinkie in great detail.

Part 4 Summary: “Fall 1964”

In the Fall of 1964, Jim transfers to his “ultra-rich private school” (65). He meets a fellow new student named Eggie who comes from a very different lifestyle of riches and tennis. Jim is disciplined for saying “yah” instead of “yes” and other etiquette issues he is unaccustomed to. His first instinct is to rebel against these social norms, even punching a bully to defend himself. Jim describes the school’s football team as “lame” (66) but winds up showcasing his kicking skills to them. He ends his first day of school “loving everything about this crazy place” (67).

Jim has his first real exposure to death in the Fall of 1964: Bobby, a friend from his old school, dies of leukemia. Jim attends Bobby’s open casket funeral and leaves shaken. He also describes a Thanksgiving tradition to honor starving Black people of the South, expressing skepticism over the gesture. He is cynical about many of the practices and traditions at his new school but goes along with them because he enjoys being there. This part of the book closes with Jim having a strange sexual encounter with a girl who teaches him the value of patience and timing; she makes him wait all night to touch her, stating, “there’s a time and a place” (74).

Parts 1-4 Analysis

Jim Carroll’s diaries take place over the course of 1963-1966. He attends a school in the lower east side of New York City, is part of its basketball team, and regularly gets mixed up in trouble with his friends. Jim’s experiences seem startling as he gets into drugs and casual crime with virtually no parental supervision or guidance. However, when compared to the events recalled toward the end and height of his addiction, 1963 appears relatively tame. Jim’s diary is organized into short entries that retell one or two events or occasionally a thought. Many of the events have a humorous or ironic nature; others are dark, disturbing, and foretell future circumstances, such as when Jim is first pressured into trying heroin. Jim retells each experience with honesty and detail, making full use of the language he grew up (i.e., racial slurs), describing sexual experiences in graphic detail, and swearing almost constantly. He takes note of his drug-induced ideas and visions poetically and authentically—the tone of his writing shifting when he describes these experiences.

Most of Jim’s experiences in 1963 revolve around basketball, petty crime, or experimenting with drugs. Basketball is his favorite sport (as the book’s title implies) and something he appreciates for its cooperative nature. He is not yet addicted to heroin and mainly smokes marijuana. Jim gets involved in acts of crime as well, such as stealing and fist fights. As he tries new drugs and becomes more and more involved in the drug scene, it is not long before he starts showing up to basketball games high as “all kinds of vows drop out from under [him] every day” (30). The further Jim slips into addiction, the more depraved his actions to obtain drug money become.

Racial and sexual tensions permeate Jim’s life. Black and white people were still heavily segregated at the time with most of the latter unwilling to let that change. Jim is a product of his time and refers to African Americans as “spades” (13)—but does not act explicitly racist towards such peers and instead befriends them. He finds them worthy opponents during basketball games and enjoys their company. In the 1960s, anti-gay sentiment was not only rampant but accepted by the vast majority of people. Gay men were more or less forced into secrecy. Jim is molested by his basketball coach at his first school and witnesses a boy being molested by a Brother at his second school. Like his addiction and criminal behavior, Jim’s sexual exploits become more risky over time. At 13, he mainly experiments with girls his own age. But in 1965, he begins sex work himself and sleeping with much older women and men. Jim describes his sexual awakening in great detail with a mix of vulgarity and poetry. For instance, he describes a masturbation experience as the following: “[I] stare into the star machine and jerk myself off” (52).

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