A Dominican friar known for his impassioned sermons against the mistreatment and genocide of indigenous peoples, which significantly influenced Las Casas's views on colonial reform.

The Holy Roman Emperor who showed openness to Las Casas's proposals for reforming colonial practices in the Indies, and under whose reign the New Laws intended to protect native peoples were issued.

The Bishop of Burgos who, along with Lope Conchillos, initially opposed Las Casas's reform efforts due to their vested interests in the encomienda system.

A secretary and encomendero who, alongside Juan Rodríguez de Fonseca, was resistant to Las Casas's advocacy for deconstructing the encomienda system.

The sympathetic Chancellor appointed by Charles V to work with Las Casas on creating a new plan for reforming colonial practices in the Indies.

An intellectual defender of Spanish colonial practices, who famously debated Las Casas about the morality and justification of Spanish actions in the Indies.