Politics

A decision about the best type of government should be based upon what contributes most to the common good. Aristotle argues that one must determine the type of life individuals should have. Otherwise, it is impossible to know which constitution will best support the desired purpose. The happy individual has three possessions: “external goods, goods of the body, and goods of the soul” (252). The first two are both outcomes of the third. A foundation of virtue is necessary for happiness. Aristotle emphasizes that developing one’s character is the only way to be successful and fulfilled. While external possessions have a limit before they become burdensome, the goods of the soul only increase in value as they increase in their intensity. The philosopher’s rationale in this section supports the theme Politics as a Pathway for Good and Happiness. Constitutions are viewed as a vehicle for individual purpose; a city is like the individual in that it should have a singular aim of happiness through virtue.

The philosopher argues that the city operates in the same way as a man who aims for happiness. A keen sense of character and virtue can lend a constitution stability and permanence.