Paradise on Fire

“‘There’s always a way out,’ Grandma Bibi whispers. ‘Use your mind, your heart.’”

Grandma Bibi is never physically present in the narrative, but she is a crucial voice of encouragement and wisdom to Addy throughout the novel. Bibi’s words usually relate to Addy trusting herself more and having the courage to rely on her own strengths.

“I love Grandma Bibi. Whatever she wants, I try to do.”

Addy does not want to go to Wilderness Adventures, but Grandma Bibi wishes for her to go so that she can continue her Personal Growth and Self-Discovery. Addy’s willingness to do something she does not want to do shows her devotion to Bibi. This love is tinged with guilt because Bibi was forced to leave her beloved Nigeria to move to New York City and raise Addy after her parents died.

“They notice I’m different. Being an orphan is like being a crusted-over scab. Leave me alone. Don’t touch.”

Addy feels physically and mentally marked because she is an orphan. She assumes that others view her as different and untouchable. As the novel continues, her Personal Growth and Self-Discovery include opening herself up to others and realizing that other people have gone through grief and trauma as well, revealing that connection can be a source of strength.