100 pages 3 hours read

Out of the Dust

Fiction | Novel/Book in Verse | Middle Grade | Published in 1997

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Part 4Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Part 4: “Autumn 1934”

Part 4, Poems 47-53 Summary

This section summarizes Poem 47: “Hired Work,” Poem 48: “Almost Rain,” Poem 49: “Those Hands,” Poem 50: “Real Snow,” Poem 51: “Dance Revue,” Poem 52: “Mad Dog’s Tale,” and Poem 53: “Art Exhibit.”

In October, Daddy gets a job with Wireless Power digging for tower construction. Billie Jo hopes that earning a wage will improve his spirits, as there is little hope of a good harvest. She recalls making dimes by playing piano but cannot bear the site of Ma’s piano anymore.

In November, the sidewalks in town grow damp from the humidity, but rain does not fall. Coach Albright used to tell Billie Jo she should play basketball because of her long-fingered hands but he says nothing this year. Likewise, her father never tells her anymore to “put her hands” to use. Snow falls and mercifully has a chance to melt into the ground.

In December, Vera Wanderdale organizes a dance revue, and Arley convinces Billie Jo to play piano. Vera goes to the city to pick up the costumes and Billie Jo wishes she could go too. At practices, Billie Jo is grateful that Mad Dog treats her like “someone he knows” (92). Billie Jo overhears Mad Dog telling all the girls who fawn over him that his nickname refers to his biting habit when he was young. Billie Jo asks Daddy what Mad Dog’s given name is, but Daddy just stares at Billie Jo as if she is “talking another language” (93). For a library benefit, the town organizes an art exhibit; the paintings and drawings thrill Billie Jo, and she attends three times. When it is over, she feels angry that her desire to see inspirational things is again unfulfilled.

Part 4 Analysis

Raw grief, discomfort, and discontent mark the poems in this brief section of the narrative. Billie Jo is not ready to begin healing from the tragedy, yet the accident and loss of Ma and Franklin and injury to her hands have robbed Billie Jo of most elements of her identity. Her home life changes completely, she cannot bring herself to play Ma’s piano, and her father grows more distant. Even when Arley persuades Billie Jo to play for the dance revue, she feels she plays terribly; the act brings no joy as it once did. Compounding this, Billie Jo indicates that few people treat her the same. Instead, to them, she is now just a “poor motherless thing” (92). Communicating with Daddy is difficult. In “Mad Dog’s Tale,” when she asks Daddy if he knows Mad Dog’s actual name, he looks at her like he cannot even understand her words. Mad Dog is the exception; he treats Billie Jo like Billie Jo, and she is grateful.

Her immersion in grief and guilt manifests strongly in the way she feels about her hands. To Billie Jo, most people “stare at [her] deformed hands” (92). The basketball coach might simply be providing some space to a girl who lost her parent, but Billie Jo assumes he avoids her distinctly because her hands are useless for the sport now. Similarly, her father had a habit of telling Billie Jo to keep busy by putting her hands to “good use” (89). This phrasing drops from his vocabulary, and Billie Jo’s reaction suggests that she thinks her hands are a constant reminder of that accident.

Though Billie Jo remains immersed in grief and cannot escape the burden of sadness, hints reveal that desire for change builds inside her. She yearns to see the city when Vera goes to collect the dance revue costumes, and she is frustrated when the pieces of art that stirred her imagination are no longer on view: “I feel such a hunger / to see such things. / And such an anger / because I can’t” (95).

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