53 pages • 1 hour read
A modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
Naomi strikes up a friendship with her neighbor Muff, the wife of an oil field worker, who teaches her how to make southern food. Henry once complained about Estella cooking traditional Mexican fare, and Naomi has been made to understand that he expects country cooking.
While Wash develops a strong friendship with Beto and Cari, taking them fishing several times a week, Naomi tries to keep up with her domestic tasks. She finds peace in the length of Henry’s workdays, which keeps him away from the house for 12-16-hour periods. She shops at Mason’s store in Egypt Town, where one day she overhears two young women talk about Wash in a way that suggests he might be a romantic interest of theirs.
When Henry takes Beto and Cari to a diner they have wanted to try, he is reminded of the sign reading “No Negroes, Mexicans, or dogs” and tries to convince them to go elsewhere. Naomi is happy to be rid of Henry and encourages the twins to go to a different diner. The twins had planned to go fishing with Wash, so she brings her schoolbooks to the river to explain why they won’t be coming. Instead, Wash helps Naomi with her homework. Naomi confides in Wash about her mother’s death and the fact that Henry is not her biological father.
Later, on route to a job site, Wash’s friend Cal tells him a story about a man named Blue who lived in their community several years ago. According to the local parlance, Blue was a Black man who lived in a remote setting with the woman he loved. Somehow, a rumor began, and a gang of white men went to Blue’s house. When they saw the woman Blue had been living with and perceived her to be white, they lynched him and took photographs they later turned into souvenir postcards.
One night, the oil that Henry and his coworkers have been digging for is ready, and the former insists that Beto, Cari, and Naomi come with him to watch it erupt. An acquaintance who attends their church, Gilbert “Gil” Harris, approaches Naomi and strikes up a conversation, offering her his letterman jacket when he sees she’s cold. As they wait, they see Zane Gibbler, owner of the oilfield, being chauffeured onto the site. With him is popular girl Miranda, who Naomi realizes is his daughter. Miranda hurries over to Gil. Naomi is anxious to get away, using her friend Tommie as an excuse to do so. Tommie, ever observant, mentions how jealous Miranda seemed when she saw Naomi and Gil together. She tells Naomi that Gil and Miranda used to be romantically involved, but Zane influenced the college Gil was meant to attend on scholarship to rescind their offer and threatened to blacklist him from working in the oil industry if he did not end their relationship.
Hiding in one of the bathroom stalls to escape Miranda and her clique, Naomi hears two mothers from the PTA enter and gossip about her. They acknowledge how bright the twins are and doubt their relation to Naomi. They also criticize the threadbare nature of Naomi’s dress, attributing it to her seeking attention rather than acknowledging that she may not have new clothes to wear. The women perceive the conversation between Naomi and Gil as Naomi throwing herself at him, and assert that because she is Mexican, she has animalistic sexual urges which are difficult to control.
One afternoon, Naomi watches, hidden in a tree in Wash’s yard, as Wash shares pies his mother baked with her half-siblings. Wash tells the twins that the person responsible for the beautiful piano music they’re hearing is his neighbor, Fannie, who has not allowed the fact that she is blind to impede her skills as a pianist. After the twins have gone, Naomi waits, watching Wash’s house. Wash walks to Fannie’s house, and she clings to his arm so he can guide her—but Naomi, not knowing about Fannie’s blindness, sees the two so intimately intwined and believes Wash is romantically involved with her, and finds herself jealous and angry.
When the twins get sick and Henry goes to Turner’s store to find Naomi, he learns from Mrs. Turner that she has not been shopping there. Mrs. Turner explains that her husband had not realized who Naomi was when he turned her away. Not wanting to be in the house while the children are sick, Henry makes a halfhearted effort to go to the church and see Pastor Tom before proceeding to a bar called Big T’s—which he frequented before Naomi and the twins came to live with him. When Henry comes back, he has a radio with him. It isn’t in working order, and he fails to fix it. Cari antagonizes him, “‘I said, what we really wanted was a cat.’ She gave him a nasty smile. ‘Daddy.’” (118). Henry storms out of the house again and is gone the following afternoon when Wash stops by to ask where the twins have been. Naomi doesn’t want to accept the fish that Wash caught, but she doesn’t have a choice; they are nearly out of groceries. She hides what little cash she does have so that she might have some in an emergency, and she has no idea when Henry will come back.
Pastor Tom finds Henry passed out on the riverbank, sleeping off his alcohol, and takes him back to his house so he can sober up. Pastor Tom surprises Naomi while she is making donuts, and she burns herself on the hot oil, the wound severe and throbbing with pain. He has come to intercede on Henry’s behalf and ensure that Naomi will welcome him home. Naomi knows she has no choice and responds, “It’s his house” (126). When Naomi and the twins meet up with Wash at the riverbank, Wash proves the only person aside from the twins who cares about Naomi’s burn and feelings. When Henry comes back that night, he brings the twins a kitten. With Naomi, he is self-deprecating, especially when she tells him that they ran out of food. However, he quickly reverts to hostility when he asks where she has been buying their food, chastising her for feeding them “n-----” food from Mason’s store: “This is east Texas, and there’s lines. Lines you cross, lines you don’t cross. That clear? Turners won’t give you no more trouble, I promise you. In fact, I’ll buy the groceries from now on” (131).
Beto immediately falls in love with the kitten, arguing with Cari over what to name it. He has become enthralled with the works of Edgar Allan Poe at school and is adamant about naming the kitten “Edgar.” Cari sees an opportunity to manipulate her brother and says she will agree to the name if he gives her his helpings of dessert for two months. Beto is so committed to the name that he agrees, even when Henry tells them that the cat is female; the boy is wounded when Henry says he should have gotten a male cat, as they “Could use another man around here” (134).
As the weather grows cold, Naomi realizes that she needs to acquire warmer coats for her and the twins. Her friend Tommie invites her to go shopping with her family in the nearby larger town of Tyler, Texas. The children have also been invited to spend Thanksgiving with them. In Tyler, Naomi buys three coats and lends her expertise as a skilled seamstress in advising Tommie on the fabric and possible design for their final home economics project—dresses they must wear. Naomi has a pleasant time with Tommie’s family, the only blight being Tommie’s younger cousin asking her if she knows any “dirty Mexicans”—citing the fact that Naomi herself is not “dirty.” Back home in her climbing tree, Naomi examines her healing burn. She thinks pleasant thoughts of Wash, her mind turning to the romantic.
Despite the hostility and racism she experiences at school, Naomi begins to build positive relationships in New London. The efforts made by her new friend Tommie, extroverted and outgoing, draw Naomi into a relationship independent of racial differences. Tommie is unperturbed by popular girl Miranda Gibbler’s attempts to influence other students to shun and bully Naomi; she speaks highly of Naomi and makes an effort to be inclusive and warm, confiding in her and inviting her to spend time with her family. Naomi’s neighbor Muff, who takes Naomi under her wing and teaches her how to cook in the manner Henry prefers, takes on a similar, albeit more maternal role. Naomi leans into these relationships with other women as a source of comfort from the unease endemic to Henry. Henry’s absences are the primary reason why Naomi feels that life in New London is bearable; his schedule keeps him away from Naomi and the twins for long stretches of time. During these long stretches, Naomi enjoys opportunities to pursue her own interests and complete her housework in peace. In 1937, Naomi does not have any of the 21st-century conveniences which would have allowed her to streamline her work. All of her tasks must be done by hand or from scratch—from caring for the twins to cooking, cleaning, and doing laundry. When Wash asserts that Henry works Naomi “Like a slave. I should know” (249), he is referring not only to the relentlessness with which work piles on her, but also the lack of gratitude and help from Henry.
When Henry is not absent, his interactions with the children tend to be disruptive and increasingly harmful. Naomi not only bears responsibility for the twins, but Henry’s erratic moods and behavior. Despite wanting Beto and Cari to live with him, Henry was unprepared for their stay aside from acquiring housing from the oil company. Henry has the privilege of coming and going as he pleases and dictating the rules of the house while providing only superficial support. He becomes angry at the twins for being who they are instead of who he would like them to be, while failing to acknowledge that the reason he has no influence on them is his abandonment. Henry also fails to consider how the move and adjustment period might be impacting such young children. It does not help Naomi that their friends, neighbors, and Pastor Tom see Henry as a changed man, and that he is considered handsome and charming—and thus trustworthy—among the women in their social circles. Only Naomi knows the truth about what he is capable of, and this is tremendously isolating for her.
In contrast to Henry, Wash is unfailingly kind to the twins and genuinely enjoys their company. He is patient with them, appreciates their intelligence and humor, and offers consistency and security in the regularity of their time together. As Naomi becomes more attracted to Wash, she becomes slightly resentful of the fact that she must share him with the twins; however, it is Wash’s treatment of the twins that allows Naomi to develop a level of comfort and safety around him. Naomi is deeply afraid of and disgusted by Henry; in contrast, Wash’s gentle care and concern allow her to relax. Hearing girls her age gossip about Wash and seeing him with his neighbor Fannie affect Naomi even before they form a relationship, because she could sense Wash’s interest in her and was concerned that she might need to protect herself (due to the trauma of Henry’s abuse and the way in which the boys at school objectify her). When Naomi realizes that Wash is genuine, she is finally able to be vulnerable with him.
Plus, gain access to 8,800+ more expert-written Study Guides.
Including features:
American Literature
View Collection
Banned Books Week
View Collection
Books About Race in America
View Collection
Books on Justice & Injustice
View Collection
Books on U.S. History
View Collection
Books that Feature the Theme of...
View Collection
Books that Feature the Theme of...
View Collection
Brothers & Sisters
View Collection
Class
View Collection
Class
View Collection
Community
View Collection
Family
View Collection
Fear
View Collection
Hate & Anger
View Collection
Realistic Fiction (High School)
View Collection
Religion & Spirituality
View Collection
Romance
View Collection
School Book List Titles
View Collection
Sexual Harassment & Violence
View Collection
The Best of "Best Book" Lists
View Collection
Valentine's Day Reads: The Theme of Love
View Collection