Number the Stars

Stars show up in several contexts in the novel and their importance is highlighted by their inclusion in the title. The first instance in which they appear is in the form of Ellen's Star of David necklace, which Annemarie helps her rip off when the German soldiers come to the apartment. This is a symbol of Ellen's Jewish faith, which she has to hide from the authorities. Annemarie keeps the necklace safe for Ellen, and plans to repair and return it after the war. The Star of David necklace is read as both a symbol of Ellen’s faith and also her friendship with Annemarie. Although she must keep her religious belief hidden, it still remains. In this same context, even though Ellen and her family must flee to Sweden and their return to Denmark remains unknown, Annemarie’s decision to keep the necklace represents the perseverance of their friendship through the difficult and uncertain times.

The second sense in which stars are used also relates to Ellen’s necklace. Peter reads a Psalm that includes the phrase “number the stars.” Annemarie is overwhelmed when she thinks about counting the stars, in the same way that she was overwhelmed by considering whether she would die for her Jewish friends in order to protect them.