The founder of Islam, renowned for his integrity, charisma, and empathy, whose leadership and teachings greatly influenced early Islamic society. Aslan explores both his human side and his significant impact as a religious figure.

Muhammad’s cousin and son-in-law, regarded by Shi’a Muslims as the Prophet's rightful successor. Known for his humility and commitment to the community, his leadership and character are critically examined by Aslan.

The ruling tribe of Mecca, whose leaders opposed Muhammad’s early teachings and actions. Aslan explores their power dynamics and the impact of their opposition on the development of Islam.

Muhammad’s first wife, a wealthy merchant and one of his first supporters, who played a crucial role in his early prophetic life. Her partnership with Muhammad significantly influenced his teachings.

One of Muhammad’s later wives, known for her involvement in political and religious matters after his death. Aslan presents her as a complex historical figure involved in disputes with Ali.