A Harvard colleague of Wilson, frequently cited for his work on structural and cultural contributors to race and the coining of the term "laissez-faire racism."

Referenced for his administration's policies, such as tax cuts and freezes on minimum wage, which are critiqued for their impact on inner-city neighborhoods.

Served as the U.S. President during Wilson's tenure as a policy advisor; his administration's record on incarceration rates is critically examined.

A historical racist caricature and the name associated with segregation laws post-Reconstruction, noted for its early mention in the context of American racial history.

Discussed in relation to the "Moving to Opportunity" program, which aimed at addressing segregation and its socioeconomic effects in Chicago during the 1990s.

Critiqued for mid-20th-century redlining policies and their role in transforming urban neighborhoods through racially motivated housing strategies.

Authors of The Bell Curve, their controversial theories on intelligence and race are analyzed and critiqued for overlooking structural and cultural issues.

Known for his theories on subcultures affecting African American employment attitudes, which Wilson contends lack empirical support.

His 2008 speech is cited as exemplary of necessary reframing in addressing racial inequality, emphasizing the legacy of discrimination alongside individual responsibility.

His administration's supply-side economic policies are analyzed for their unintended consequences on inner-city discrimination and socioeconomic conditions.

Cited for his research on the growth of U.S. prison populations, with a focus on the incarceration risk for high school dropouts and changes in incarceration laws.