98 pages 3 hours read

Mexican Gothic

Fiction | Novel | Adult | Published in 2020

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Chapters 1-5Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Chapter 1 Summary

Content Warning: This section of the guide references sexual assault and rape.

In Mexico City in the 1950s, socialite Noemí Taboada’s life is a round of parties, new boyfriends, uninspiring classes at the women’s school, and piano recitals, but she is eager for something more than husband hunting and marriage. An opportunity arises when her father, Leocadio Taboada, summons her home from a party one night in August 1950 to show her a letter from her cousin Catalina, who claims her husband Virgil Doyle is poisoning her and that High Place, the Doyle house, is haunted. Mr. Taboada promises Noemí she can enroll in university to study anthropology if she discreetly goes to visit and find care for Catalina, who lives in El Triunfo, an old mining town in the rural state of Baja California Sur, Mexico.

Chapter 2 Summary

After a long train ride north, Noemí arrives in El Triunfo. The landscape surrounding El Triunfo is brutal and wild, and the massive forests that surround it are far different from the magical fairytale forests Catalina and Noemí read as girls. Francis, Virgil’s cousin, gives Noemí’s a ride to High Place.

After traversing a precarious road that winds up a mountain side, Noemí sees High Place for the first time. It is shabby, huge, and grim; the cold welcome from Florence, Francis’s mother and household manager at High Place, does not help matters. The Doyles are stuffy English people who are obsessed with England despite generations of living in Mexico as silver barons in El Triunfo. Francis tells Noemí they only speak English at High Place; fortunately, a childhood spent learning English means Noemí should have no problem conversing.

The state of the house—it lacks consistent hot water and electric lighting—makes it clear that money is now in short supply. Florence takes every opportunity to impress on Noemí how inconvenient her presence is. Florence hands down a list of rules: no smoking in the house, no wandering alone in the surroundings, and no disturbing the two invalids in the house, Catalina and Howard Doyle, the old patriarch of the family and Virgil’s father.

Noemí sees Catalina for only five minutes. Catalina is withdrawn. She apologizes for sending the letter and explains that she wrote it while she had a very high fever. She claims to have tuberculosis. Florence cuts the visit short to give Catalina medicine for her cough.

Chapter 3 Summary

That night Noemí has dinner with the family in a cavernous dining room. Initially, just Francis and Florence show up to eat the tasteless English food. When Noemí attempts to make conversation by asking if the many pieces of silver (all tarnished) in the surrounding cabinets came from the Doyle silver mines, Florence hands down yet another rule—no talking at dinner. Francis plays the good host and explains that it did. Florence interrupts him when he begins explaining that the mines closed after a strike and some mysterious event that is apparently a forbidden topic.

Partway through dinner, Virgil and Howard join them. Howard is a very pale, very old man whose icebreaker is to remark that Noemí has much darker skin than Catalina. Howard is delighted when Noemí engages him in a debate about the vigor and beauty of the offspring of superior and inferior races, but Noemí finds his presumption of English superiority repellant.

She coldly informs him that she has direct Indigenous ancestry—hence the darker skin—and shows off her knowledge of current anthropology scholarship by pointing out that natural selection probably made her Indigenous ancestors superior to the European people who colonized their lands. Amused by her response, Howard informs her that he was really paying her a compliment; he implies that her beauty bears out the anthropological theory that hybrid offspring are more beautiful than their (presumably ugly) and inferior parent. He leaves after this announcement.

After dinner, Noemí withdraws to Virgil’s mold-riddled sitting room to talk about Catalina. Virgil serves her more of the sleep-inducing red wine from dinner that night. Virgil is dismissive of Mr. Taboada’s concerns but agrees to allow Noemí to talk with Arthur Cummins, the doctor treating Catalina. As the conversation winds down, Virgil heavy-handedly insists that Noemí have a second drink. She demurs, and he seems titillated by her refusal. He walks her to her room. Noemí feels increasingly suffocated by her hosts and the house.

Chapter 4 Summary

As Noemí settles in, she notices some odd things about High Place. For one, the servants are completely silent and avoid interacting with her no matter how much she attempts to engage with them. She explores the house, starting with the library.

In the library she discovers rotting books and racist anthropology journals. One journal even includes a highlighted passage about the physical vigor of the offspring of people of color and the so-called superior races, echoing Howard’s offensive conversation the night before. Noemí notices a strange decoration on the floor of the library. It is an ouroboros (a serpent eating its own tail, a symbol for infinity), and its repeated presence in the house suggests that this is the house of Doyle’s heraldic symbol.

Later that day Noemí takes a walk with Francis. He takes her to the family cemetery, a neglected and gloomy place that includes a marble statue of one Great Aunt Agnes and many gravestones that are all dated 1888. Francis explains that in 1888 a mysterious illness killed most of the workers. The gravestones in the cemetery belong to the imported English workers who died in the mines. Apparently, the Mexican workers are buried elsewhere.

Francis shifts the conversation to talk about how trapped he feels in High Place. He longs to have the mobility of Virgil, who travels abroad at times. Francis has never been farther from High Place than the El Triunfo train station. Even this peek into the outside world ended with the death of Richard, Francis’s father, when Francis was a boy. Looking at Francis, Noemí cannot help but note that Francis is a sickly, pale shadow of Virgil, who is vigorous and handsome.

Noemí returns to the house for another silent meal. Dinner that night is on a tray in her room and includes tea with a slightly sweet taste. Noemí is bored. She looks at the hideous, moldy wallpaper and thinks about the stories of English people who accidentally poisoned themselves when the fungus in their arsenic-laced wallpaper paste produced arsine gas. Even though she has only been at High Place for a short while, she feels some creeping uneasiness coming on.

Chapter 5 Summary

The next day Noemí visits with Catalina, who only becomes animated when she begs Noemí to go to El Triunfo to get her medicine from healer Marta Duval. When Noemí tries to ask questions, Catalina shushes her and claims that some nameless “they” lives in the walls and is eavesdropping on them. Catalina, it seems, is deeply disturbed. Dr. Cummins, the English doctor, visits Catalina that day and afterward supports Virgil’s belief that Catalina has tuberculosis, is a depressive, and can receive adequate care at High Place.

Afterward, Virgil discusses Catalina in a cold, uncaring manner that alarms Noemí, but he agrees to allow Noemí to secure a second medical opinion if she can find one in a backwater like El Triunfo. Noemí’s insistence surprises him, leading him to tell Noemí she is just as Catalina claims—a woman who must always have her own way, especially when it comes to men.

That night, Noemí dreams of a golden woman made of golden mushroom filaments that invade the house and threaten to do the same to Noemí. She is so spooked by the dream that when she wakes, she wonders if Catalina’s belief that something is hiding in the walls is true after all.

Chapters 1-5 Analysis

Moreno-Garcia incorporates many aspects of the Gothic genre in these early chapters: a house with a troubled history, a beautiful madwoman, and a stranger whose arrival threatens to unsettle the uneasy status quo.

High Place is just the stereotypical ruin one would expect to find in a Gothic. It has a name, is socially isolated because of its location on a mountaintop, and every room in the house shows marks of decay and loss of wealth. Moreno-Garcia explicitly alludes to prototypical English Gothic houses with the mention of Jane Eyre and Noemí’s reference to English inhabitants of houses that poisoned themselves with arsine gas. The consistent references to mold and fungus foreshadow the role these organisms play in the rest of the novel, but they also function as motifs that underscore the corruption and decay that is so pervasive in the Doyle family.

In keeping with the influence of the Gothic novel, Moreno-Garcia also includes characters and other elements that bring focus to the uncanny, the supernatural, and the irrational. In the first five chapters Catalina is the character who highlights these uncomfortable parts of human experience. Catalina’s potential madness and her letter serve as the inciting event that brings Noemí to High Place. The mystery of whether Catalina is mad or not also adds tension and suspense to the plot.

Another crucial element of the Gothic novel is the arrival of a stranger who upsets the uneasy balance of the house, reveals what is haunting the house, and (sometimes) restores order. Noemí is that figure, and placing this fish out of water in the suffocating atmosphere of High Place certainly upsets its natural order. Noemí is restless, a budding intellectual whose mind is wasted on what are essentially finishing school classes, and a confident woman who brooks none of her hosts’ casual sexism. Even in a proto-feminist Gothic like Jane Eyre, the female protagonist’s ability to exercise power in the haunted house depends on her romantic connection to the lord of the estate. Moreno-Garcia upsets this dynamic by making Howard repellant and his scion Virgil less a Byronic hero—the traditionally tortured, handsome, and charismatic love interest—and more of an irritant to a self-possessed woman like Noemí.

Some of the conflict in feminist Gothic novels derives from the class differences between the striving heroine and the upper-crust lord struggling to maintain his hold on nobility. Moreno-Garcia is careful to position Noemí as being secure in her class position and instead roots the tension in a more postcolonial context by making the Doyles transplanted English colonialists who were ruined by the Mexican Revolution.

While the Doyles, like most settler colonists, assume their superiority and view both resources and Indigenous people as objects of consumption, Noemí refuses to accept this situation as the natural order of things. Moreno-Garcia first highlights this dynamic with the clash between Noemí and Howard over dinner. Howard’s casual racism is exemplified in the dinner conversation with Noemí about her beauty, during which she pushes back against his assumption that his belief—that the English are superior to Mexican and Indigenous people—is correct.

Noemí’s sharp intellect also allows her to spot absences and gaps that belie the Doyles’ efforts to create a life that reflects their notion of the natural order. Noemí notices the 1888 dates on the gravestones in the cemetery, for example, and her questioning of Francis reveals the hidden story of the mines and the exclusion of Mexican workers from the graveyard, facts that further cast the Doyles as brutal colonizers.

Noemí is a vital figure, and that vitality is one reason why she is such an irritant to the Doyles, who are obviously in decline and have nothing to offer a secure woman like Noemí. Rather than the expected romance subplot, we get explicit moments of sexual tension throughout this section. Howard’s tortured, racist compliment on Noemí’s darkness is a statement about her possible virility, while Moreno-Garcia casts Virgil as a leering man who makes his attraction to Noemí clear from the beginning.

While in the traditional Gothic Francis would be the most natural love object because of his closeness in age to Noemí, in this novel he is a passive figure who seems in need of rescue. Moreno-Garcia’s decision to cast Noemí as the one who can do the rescuing certainly echoes heroines like Jane Eyre, and it reverses the conventional gender dynamic in which men rescue women.

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