66 pages • 2 hours read
A modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
On October 12, 1990, Thomas Birdsey cuts off his hand—taking literally the Biblical injunction to “cut off thy right hand if it offends thee” (Matthew 5:30)—in an act of protest against the US military’s intervention in the Persian Gulf. Thomas is taken to a hospital but refuses to allow his hand to be reattached. Though Dominick Birdsey, his twin brother and caretaker, can override Thomas’s wishes and force the hand to be reattached, he does not. A few days later, Thomas is discharged, and Dominick drives him back to the Three Rivers State Hospital, where Thomas has lived off and on for the past 20 years. He tells Dominick that he is a prophet of God and that this role is a burden.
The librarian on duty later asks Dominick to sign a statement absolving her of any responsibility for Thomas’s injury.
When Thomas and Dominick are 10, their house catches fire when the television bursts into flames. Their mother, Concettina Tempesta Birdsey, is able to save her prized photo album. When the twins are 36, she is diagnosed with breast cancer. Dominick, wishing to give her something meaningful, sets about remodeling her kitchen, but his mother says that she wants only a small gesture of love instead.
Dominick notes that the photo album is filled mostly with photos of him, Thomas, and their grandfather, who immigrated from Sicily. When Thomas and Dominick were born, they garnered media attention because their births—on December 31, 1949, and January 1, 1950—straddled two decades, despite the fact that they had no father.
On the day she turns down the offer of a new kitchen, Dominick’s mother gives him a strongbox containing handwritten pages in Italian—the manuscript of his grandfather’s memoir. She explains that he initially hired an Italian man to type as he dictated, but after several stumbling blocks, he ended up writing the entire document longhand instead. Dominick decides that having the manuscript translated into English will be the perfect gift for his mother.
While the translation is underway, Dominick takes Thomas to visit their mother as she undergoes chemotherapy. On one visit, they argue as Dominick drives home: Thomas bolts from the car after Dominick pulls over onto the shoulder, running across several lanes of traffic. After this incident, Dominick no longer brings Thomas with him on visits to their mother.
One evening, the translator, a PhD student named Nedra Frank, appears at Dominick’s door during a snowstorm. She has copied down his address from his checks. She explains some of the difficulties she is having in completing the translation. The two end up sharing some beers and ordering pizza. Nedra then propositions Dominick for sex but leaves in the middle when Dominick begins to laugh. She drives off in anger after throwing her PhD dissertation at Dominick.
In mid-April, Dominick goes to the university to retrieve his grandfather’s manuscript, only to learn that Nedra has dropped out of the program.
On May 1, Concettina dies. Dominick worries about telling Thomas, but when he does so that night, Thomas responds peacefully.
Back in the present, Thomas is discharged from the hospital but driven immediately by police to the Three Rivers State Hospital for a minimum 15-day stay. He asks Dominick to ride with him in the cruiser. Thomas asks Dominick to read aloud to him from his Bible and then wonders why Ray, the twins’ adoptive father, never visited him in the hospital. Dominick’s ex-wife, Dessa, did visit Thomas. Dominick bumped into her in the hospital parking lot, where they chatted before Dominick attempted to kiss Dessa. That night, while having sex with his girlfriend, Joy, Dominick could only think of Dessa.
When they arrive at the State Hospital, both Dominick and Thomas are alarmed when the police drive them past Settle—the minimum-security building where Thomas typically resides—to Hatch, the maximum-security portion of the hospital.
At Hatch Forensic Institute, Dominick argues with the police, certain that Thomas has been sent there by mistake. He begs them to drive Thomas back to Settle. Thomas is also upset, fearful of repercussions if he is not present at Settle the next morning to conduct his job of running the coffee cart and newsstand.
Once inside the building, Dominick continues to argue with Hatch security guards, insisting that Thomas’s doctor be telephoned to rectify the mistake. When they refuse, Dominick becomes violent, attacking the security officers, who then fight back.
The narrative shifts to 1958; Dominick and Thomas will soon enter third grade. One Saturday, their mother takes them to the movies. During the show, many children yell and throw things at the screen until theater employees threaten to kick them out. After the show, the three walk to the bus stop in front of the Five and Ten store. They browse the store while waiting for the bus; Concettina comes across a gaudy painting of Jesus and decides to buy it.
On the ride home, they are bothered by a man who moves closer and closer to their mother, trying to touch her bare legs. When they depart the bus, the man follows them, and by the time they arrive home, all three are crying. Concettina instructs them not to tell Ray about the man, insisting that Jesus protected them.
In the present, Dominick returns home to find a note from Joy saying that she is at a mixology class with her friend Thad. Dominick is still angry about Thomas being placed in Hatch and physically sore from his encounter with the security guards. He thinks back to meeting Joy at the health club he joined at the urging of his former brother-in-law, Leo. Joy moved in after they had dated for about six months. Joy has a high sex drive, but Dominick cannot stop focusing on her flaws: She is irresponsible with money and a former shoplifter. She has been married and divorced twice.
There is a message on the answering machine from Thomas’s new case worker. Dominick tries to call her back, but since it is late, no one answers.
Sore and bruised when he wakes up the next morning, Dominick is certain that he will not be able to do any of his work as a house painter that day. Henry Rood, his current customer, has left several messages demanding that Dominick finish the job. Dominick plans to go to Hatch to see about getting Thomas released back to Settle. He dreads informing Ray about what has happened.
As Joy gets ready for work, she complains that Dominick always prioritizes Thomas. She wonders why Ray cannot shoulder more of the responsibility. By way of explaining, Dominick tells her about specific instances of Ray’s abuse when they were children. Further, Dominick promised his mother upon her death that he would take care of Thomas.
In 1968, Concettina gifts her sons a typewriter as a high school graduation gift. Determined to keep them out of the military conflict in Vietnam, she convinces Ray to finance the remainder of their college tuitions after their student loans. Dominick hopes to break free of Thomas in college, but Concettina asks Dominick to room with him, citing Thomas’s lack of confidence and preparedness to be on his own.
Thomas nearly fails his first semester and is angered that Dominick is popular and makes friends easily. The other boys in their dorm deem Thomas strange. At the end of the semester, Thomas is placed on academic probation.
Back in the present, Dominick meets with Lisa Sheffer, Thomas’s new case manager at Hatch. Dominick is argumentative, demanding that Thomas be moved. Sheffer explains that new laws have been enacted in Connecticut in the interest of public relations—because Thomas is deemed a potentially violent threat, he must stay at Hatch for 15 days. After this period, it will be decided whether he will be released or will remain at Hatch for one year. Dominick again protests, but Sheffer insists that Thomas will receive good care and that he should improve as he begins taking medication once again.
As Dominick leaves, Sheffer advises him to visit a doctor to obtain documentation of his injuries, hinting that he may need it as bargaining power.
In 1962, the twins take a class trip to Manhattan, where they visit the Statue of Liberty and see an Easter performance at Radio City Music Hall. Dominick avoids his brother on the bus. No one wants to sit with Thomas, and he is stuck sitting with another “strange” boy. Dominick is proud to have been befriended by a wealthy boy from California named Channy Harrington. He and the other boys tease the girls who walk past them on their way to the bathroom.
During the bus ride, Thomas locks himself in the bathroom and cannot figure out how to unlock the door. Though the students and their teacher shout instructions, Thomas begins to panic. Finally, the door releases and Thomas comes out, crying while facing the jeers of the other boys. He is upset for the rest of the day, sticking by Dominick’s side and refusing to climb to the top of the Statue of Liberty.
In the present, Dominick goes to a medical clinic to have his injuries documented by a doctor. He then drives to the Roods’ house, which he is behind on painting. He speaks to Ruth Rood, who is outside sunbathing; he assures her that he will finish the job quickly.
Dominick then stops at his childhood home, where he finds Ray asleep; he leaves Ray a note explaining Thomas’s circumstances. Being in the house reminds him of his mother giving him his grandfather’s memoir, and Dominick grows determined to find Nedra Frank so that he can retrieve the document.
The novel opens in medias res—in the midst of a dramatic and consequential moment: Thomas’s severing of his hand. This action sets in motion the series of events that will ultimately lead to Thomas’s downfall, but it also propels his brother, Dominick—the novel’s narrator—to explore his family’s past in a search for answers. Thomas’s schizophrenia leads him to sever his hand as a religious sacrifice, believing that this act will prevent the US from declaring war on Iraq. In this way, Thomas is set up as a kind of martyr—a religious figure who, like the biblical Jesus, sacrifices himself for the benefit of others. His actions, however, are regarded as violent, and for the first time, medical personnel regard Thomas as a danger to others. Dominick, however, is adamant that no one understands Thomas the way he does. Not only is he certain that Thomas will never harm anyone, but he is also fearful that a stay in a maximum-security facility will be detrimental to Thomas’s precarious mental health. In this way, The Duty of Care is introduced as a theme as Dominick acts out his obligation to care for his brother. As he argues again and again for his brother’s release from Hatch, Dominick finds himself disempowered—helpless against the bureaucracy of the medical system. In case manager Lisa Sheffer, however, he discovers an ally. Sheffer, though initially guarded, becomes sympathetic to Dominick’s plight. Her sympathy is complicated by self-serving interests, however: She appears to view Thomas’s situation primarily as a public relations problem for the state of Connecticut, suggesting that the interests of those in power come before Thomas’s needs. This injustice will take many forms in the novel—an important backdrop being the escalating violence in the Persian Gulf.
Much of the twins’ family history is hidden from them, and for Dominick, the mystery of this hidden past exerts an increasingly powerful pull—evidence of The Impact of Secrets. Their mother’s refusal to tell them who their father is suggests that their birth may be a source of shame for her. Even as she hides the identity of their biological father, she places their late grandfather, Domenico Tempesta, on a pedestal as an icon of masculine virtue; he is not only a man of honor and integrity but also the embodiment of the American dream, an immigrant who made his success with no outside help. Dominick was never able to meet his namesake, and his grandfather’s history is also shrouded in mystery—inaccessible to him because his memoir is written in Italian. Dominick becomes eager to read his grandfather’s thoughts as a way to access his inner life—something he longs to do with Thomas in order to access the key to Thomas’s delusions and paranoia. Dominick’s decision to have the memoir translated indicates his love and respect for his mother, Concettina, and his desire to do something meaningful for her as her life nears its end. The novel suggests that during the twins’ childhood, their mother felt an affinity for Thomas that differed from the love she had for Dominick—that Thomas needed special protection and care that Dominick did not require. Providing his mother with this special gift, then, is not entirely altruistic on Dominick’s part. Instead, he sees it as a way to earn the love he believes she has never shown him. Like Thomas, Concettina is consistently vulnerable and in need of protection. Her meek and kind nature is easily taken advantage of by her abusive husband, Ray. When she is stalked by a sexually predatory man on the bus, a young Dominick sees the incident as further evidence of her “weakness.”
The detailed flashback scenes provide a record of Thomas’s declining health, allowing Dominick to trace and then pinpoint, in retrospect, when the change began to take place and when his schizophrenia had completely set in.
Plus, gain access to 8,800+ more expert-written Study Guides.
Including features:
Brothers & Sisters
View Collection
Coming-of-Age Journeys
View Collection
Family
View Collection
Forgiveness
View Collection
Grief
View Collection
Guilt
View Collection
Mental Illness
View Collection
New York Times Best Sellers
View Collection
Oprah's Book Club Picks
View Collection
Psychological Fiction
View Collection
The Best of "Best Book" Lists
View Collection