The 16th president of the United States who is cited by Carnegie as a model of openness to criticism, integrity, and adherence to ideals. Lincoln’s life exemplifies the values Carnegie promotes, such as wisdom and perseverance.

A Nobel Prize-winning French surgeon whose ideas are referenced by Carnegie to support his arguments about the detrimental effects of worry and the power of prayer. Carrel’s scientific perspectives lend credence to Carnegie’s suggestions on managing stress.

A founding father of the United States and esteemed polymath whose methodical approach to decision-making and self-improvement is presented by Carnegie as a case study. Franklin exemplifies sensible thinking and sees mistakes as a vehicle for growth.

An American philosopher and psychologist whose theories on acceptance of circumstances and the mental benefits of a positive attitude are frequently aligned with Carnegie’s views. James’s work on the intersection of psychology, adversity, and faith provides scholarly backing to the book’s principles.

The central figure of Christianity, whose teachings and example are highlighted by Carnegie as embodying the virtues of forgiveness, service, and religious faith. Jesus is portrayed as an exemplar of behavior that leads to enhanced mental health and happiness.