Hamlet’s uncle who murders his brother to claim the throne and marry his brother's widow, Gertrude. He struggles with guilt over his actions.

The Queen of Denmark and Hamlet’s mother, who marries Claudius after her husband’s death. Her feelings and motivations remain ambiguous.

The spirit of Hamlet’s father, appearing in armor to urge Hamlet to avenge his murder. He raises questions about Hamlet’s sanity.

A loyal and rational friend to Hamlet, the only one Hamlet trusts completely. He survives to tell the story of the events in Denmark.

Ophelia’s brother, whose fiery temper contrasts with Hamlet’s indecision. He seeks revenge for his father Polonius’s death.

Daughter of Polonius and sister to Laertes. She is initially lively but becomes disillusioned by Hamlet’s behavior and her own circumstances.

A councilor to Claudius and father to Laertes and Ophelia. He is long-winded and pompous, often providing comic relief. He is protective of his daughter Ophelia.