73 pages 2 hours read

Fun Home: A Family Tragicomic

Nonfiction | Graphic Memoir | Adult | Published in 2006

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Themes

Closeted Queerness & Queer Experience

Arguably the most important of Fun Home’s themes is the queer experience. Alison’s coming out serves as a narrative focal point second only to her father’s death. Likewise, her father’s tenacious secrecy around his own homosexuality was directly causal to Fun Home’s existence. “If my father had ‘come out’ in his youth, if he had not met and married my mother …where would that leave me?” (197). While their shared queer experiences allowed them a sliver of emotional intimacy when Alison is an adult, Bruce’s affinity for the feminine and Alison’s distain for it caused them to come to blows when she was a child. Bruce and Alison’s mutual queerness both bound them together and alienated them from each other.  

Bruce Bechdel lived at a time when homosexuality was classified as both a crime and a mental illness in the United States. He remained closeted for his entire life, and as a result, he grew up to be extremely stoic, secretive, and repressed. His struggles with emotional intimacy were so pronounced that he was unable to admit he was gay directly, even after Alison came out to him as gay herself. “Instead of confiding in me, he took the novel approach of assuming I already knew—although at the time he wrote the letter, I did not” (211). Alison came of age in the 1970s and ‘80s, a time of comparative “freedom(?)” (as her father put it in one of his letters) for queer people. She was able to live her “erotic truth” more openly and honestly than her father was. However, it is difficult to divine exactly how responsible Alison and Bruce’s respective eras are for their unique experiences with the closet. Bechdel muses on this: “Would I have had the guts to be one of those Eisenhower-era butches? Or would I have married and sought succor from my high school students?” (108).

As children, Alison and Bruce both expressed their burgeoning queerness through gender nonconformity. Alison’s affinity for masculine attire presented itself from an early age. It also caused her and her father to bicker, as he insisted upon dressing her in feminine clothes. “While I was trying to compensate for something unmanly in him… …he was attempting to express something feminine through me. It was a war of crossed purposes, and so doomed to perpetual escalation” (98). In an ironic twist, Bruce later admitted to Alison that he “really wanted to be a girl” (221) as a child and cross-dressed to express that feeling. Alison responded: “When I was little, I really wanted to be a girl. I’d dress up in girls’ clothes. I wanted to be a boy! I dressed in boys’ clothes! Remember?” (221). Despite this brief moment of recognition, Bruce remained silent and said no more on the matter. Their shared experiences were not enough to overcome his emotional repression.

Dichotomies & Parallels

Fun Home implicitly centers itself on the direct comparison and contrast of Alison with her father. This is expressed through the motif of diametric opposition, as well as literary allusion.

Bechdel fastidiously and thoroughly analyses her life as if it were a work of literature. In particular, she consistently explains her father by measuring him against authors and literary characters, highlighting where they are the same and simultaneously opposites: “Gatsby’s self-willed metamorphosis from farm boy to prince is in many ways identical to my father’s. Like Gatsby, my father fueled this transformation with the ‘colossal vitality of his illusion.’ Unlike Gatsby, he did it on a schoolteacher’s salary” (64). Likewise, Bechdel is able to present the differences between (for example) Bruce and Gatsby to argue for a cumulative and essential similarity between them:

There’s a scene in The Great Gatsby where a drunken party guest is carried away by the discovery that the volumes in Gatsby’s library are not cardboard fakes […] My father’s books—the hardbound ones with their ragged dust jackets, the paperbacks with their creased spines—had clearly been read. But in a way Gatsby’s pristine books and my father’s worn ones signify the same thing—the preference of a fiction to reality. (84-85) 

These exercises in comparison and contrast coalesce naturally with the motif of books and literature. They also help to emphasize Bechdel’s lifelong neurosis around truth, reality, lies, and fiction.

The theme of similarity and difference also manifests around the concept of inversion. Bechdel writes of herself and her father, “Not only were we inverts. We were inversions of each other” (98). “Invert” is an outdated pejorative for a gay person. In this way, the theme of similarities and opposites presents itself as a pun on Alison and Bruce’s queerness. She and her father were the same in that they were both gay, but they were different in that they expressed it in opposite ways.

Bechdel presents herself as an inversion of her father in numerous ways. “I was Spartan to my father’s Athenian. Modern to his Victorian. Butch to his Nelly. Utilitarian to his Aesthete” (15). The irony inherent in this observation is Alison grew up to be an artist. Likewise, Bruce’s vault-like secrecy is an inversion of Alison’s self-professed “compulsive propensity to autobiography” (140).

Artifice & Self Expression

Bruce Bechdel’s dogged pursuits in the art of historical restoration are presented as simultaneous acts of self-expression and self-repression. Alison describes her father as an “artificer,” a double-entendre referring to his skill as a craftsman and his propensity for artificiality (in the form of fiction and mistruths). The word “artifice” itself can refer to both ingenuity and insincerity depending on the context.

The intersection of artistic self-expression and sexual self-expression is another point where Alison and her father are presented as inversions of each other. While Bruce’s efforts in historical restoration, gardening, and interior design were simultaneous acts of creativity and obfuscation, young Alison’s artistry was a simultaneous act of creativity and sexual exploitation. Pages 170-171 depict a teenaged Alison masturbating while drawing a masculine “surrogate” for herself. “This new realization that I could illustrate my own fantasies filled me with an omnipotence that was in itself erotic” (170). Likewise, as Alison grew older, she was able to face her fears around expressing her sexuality: “In true heroic fashion, I moved towards the thing I feared. Yet while Odysseus schemed desperately to escape Polyphemus’s cave, I found that I was quite content to stay here forever” (214). Alison’s creativity became a gateway to true self-expression. Conversely, her father’s attempts to express himself were strangled and incomplete. 

Bechdel presents herself and her family as unanimously creative, industrious, and isolated. “The more gratification we found in our geniuses, the more isolated we grew. Our home was like an artists’ colony. We ate together, but otherwise were absorbed in our sperate pursuits” (134). While the young Alison learned to express herself through art, she also became less adept at expressing herself to her family. The same was true of her brothers and parents: the more they expressed themselves solitarily, the less they turned to one another for emotional support and companionship.

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