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Content Warning: This section mentions bullying and the death of a young child.
Libby initially creates and sends art cards out into the world. These art cards thematically symbolize The Great Impact of Small Acts and grow to represent other meanings depending on who’s sending or receiving them. Libby decides to create the cards after she’s grounded and told that art is a waste of time; she resolves to spread happiness and acceptance in the world even if she can’t experience those things herself. The first card she creates has a sunrise on it and lets recipients know that they’re amazing and not alone. She leaves the first one outside the dentist’s office, hoping that an upset boy she saw will find it. After that, she makes more cards and puts them out, each time with the idea that doing so will prove to herself that she’s more than what her parents are or expect her to be: “They are so different from anything my parents or brother would ever think to make. And they are useful. Something that can make someone’s day better” (71).
When Libby hears about Vincent’s experiences of bullying, she mails him a card with a puffin stamp on it to let him know that he’s great just as he is, turning the card into a symbol of Self-Preservation and Being Oneself. The card does more for Vincent than Libby could have expected and inspires him to reach out to Jack in the same way after he reads the news article, hoping to change Jack’s mind about acceptance and change. Him doing so creates a chain of effects, which continues until it forms a full circle. Libby gives her final card to her mother, understanding now that her mother’s difficult life led to some of the challenges that Libby experiences as her daughter. When Libby learns that Joey found her first card and then made one for Jack, she’s overwhelmed with joy and a sense of purpose. Jack and Joey eventually send cards to T, too, which brightens their day and inspires them to finally call home.
In Flight of the Puffin, puffins represent Vincent’s journey and thematically symbolize all three of the book’s main themes. Vincent introduces puffins, which he loves and learns about from his favorite Puffins cereal box. Vincent identifies with puffins in several ways and hopes to be more like them in his own life. They remind him of who he is and the power of being around people who understand him. Puffins live in a harsh environment, and Vincent can relate to that. The harsh environment is similar to bullies: The birds must learn to assert themselves and adapt, which thematically connects puffins to The Importance of Standing Up to Bullies.
Vincent admires how puffins can ride the waves and fly through the water, and he hopes to be able to do the same in the sense of fully accepting and asserting himself, which connects puffin behavior to the theme of Self-Preservation and Being Oneself. When Vincent wears his puffin shirt to school the first time, it’s an act of self-assertion, but when he wears it the second day, he’s making a statement to Cal: that Cal can’t control him. Bullies make fun of Vincent for his shirt and eventually take it off him and steal it, so he creates another one and wears it instead. When Libby hears about Vincent being bullied just for being himself, she sends him an art card with a puffin stamp on it. Then, Vincent sends a card to Jack with a puffin stamp, and Jack sends one to T. The puffin stamps thus connect the children, symbolizing their bond across distances and experiences, and thematically connect puffins to The Great Impact of Small Acts.
A central symbol in the story, particularly in Libby’s life, is the sunrise. It represents hope and thematically connects to Self-Preservation and Being Oneself. The story opens with Libby painting a sunrise on a school wall without permission because she wants to be free to express her creativity. However, Libby’s parents and school react not by supporting her but by punishing her for the next month. Nevertheless, she continues drawing sunsets, including on the first art cards she creates. Libby uses sunrises and art in general as a way to help emphasize the world’s beauty, thematically underscoring The Great Impact of Small Acts. She likes to express herself creatively and share the joy and beauty of art with others. Even when Libby is told to color a mill in gray, she insists on adding a colorful sunset to the background. No matter what happens to her, she remains full of hope in the possibility of a change, a new day, or a new way of experiencing life. For the card that she gives her mother, Libby uses a sunset and the phrase, “I’m possible” (212), asserting who she is to the person who discourages her the most. In the story’s conclusion, Libby receives messages from Jack and Joey, showing that Joey received her first art card, and Libby starts to feel like the impact she hoped for is real: “It’s like all the light from the sunrise is inside me, about to explode” (221).
As sister symbols in Flight of the Puffin, flowers and butterflies represent Self-Preservation and Being Oneself. They’re a running metaphor in Libby’s chapters that she uses to describe her blossoming into an autonomous and independent person. Libby’s first observation of flowers is when she sees dandelions popping through the cracks in her driveway. She feels like one of the dandelions, with so many obstacles to overcome before she can bloom. She wonders, “Maybe things would be easier if I could do a better job of staying closed up” (42), and knows that her life would, in some ways, be easier if she simply did what everyone expected of her. However, Libby isn’t the sort of person to do that; she would much rather be herself and assert herself through creative expression. Her parents hold her back from doing so by discouraging her art and shaming her for quitting softball. They lack empathy toward her and make her feel like she doesn’t matter. As a result, she feels like she’s “a sprout shooting up through the concrete, and it’s time [her mother] gave [her] some space and sunlight” (210).
Like the flowers that Libby thinks about, butterflies represent the desire to bloom, to be true to oneself, and to celebrate life. Jack remembers how Alex used to want to be a butterfly and how he always protected caterpillars to help ensure that they would get to transform. Alex wanted to be a butterfly for Halloween, but his father refused, and Alex was deeply hurt. Alex drew pictures of butterflies all the time, which was his way of expressing his desire to fully become himself. While Alex never had the opportunity to become a butterfly, Jack chooses to honor his memory by keeping Alex’s drawings on display.
An important symbol of The Importance of Standing Up to Bullies, triangles represent the unexpected connections that form between people, things, and events. Vincent loves math but is severely bullied and has no friends at school. He admires mathematician Katherine Johnson and sees triangles in everything, using them as metaphors to describe connections. He later uses triangles to make himself strong and to convince himself that he’s bigger than he appears, as T teaches him: “I put my hands on my hips. And I feel those power triangles activating, because suddenly I’m speaking just as loud as they are” (187). Vincent puts T’s strategy to use in standing up to Cal. When Vincent stands with his arms in triangles, he’s less vulnerable to insults, instead just letting them roll over him. In the story’s conclusion, Vincent is invited to join a geometry club and imagines him, his teacher, and the other student as a triangle of learning and friendship. In his first meeting, Vincent learns how the exterior angles of triangles affect every angle inside them, which is a metaphor for the way that the novel’s protagonists find one another and affect change in each other’s lives.
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