A former US president known for the war on terror and the No Child Left Behind Act. His rhetoric and policies are discussed for their impact on Arab and Muslim Americans.

The first Black president of the US, recognized for healthcare reforms and climate efforts. He is mentioned to highlight racial narratives and actions in the war on terror.

A former US president who fostered nationalist policies and immigration restrictions. His administration’s actions are frequently referenced as examples of power and privilege dynamics.

A former governor of California known for strict immigration policies. His tenure is associated with welfare limitations and influences experiences of citizenship in Lalami's essays.

The former king of Morocco noted for his authoritarian style and religious conservatism. His rule is used to contrast Moroccan governance with American citizenship.

A leader in Al-Qaeda whose actions are discussed in relation to terrorism and as a mirror to political conservatism and extremism.

A psychology professor who accused Brett Kavanaugh of sexual assault. Her testimony is included to discuss themes of gender and credibility.

A Supreme Court justice accused of sexual assault during his confirmation process. His responses are analyzed to discuss societal perceptions of gender and power.

A Founding Father of the US who authored key documents asserting equality while also being an enslaver. His legacy is scrutinized in relation to American ideals and historical inequalities.