What is the good life? What is justice? Do we have free will? Does it matter? From ancient classics like Plato's Allegory of the Cave to modern standards like John Rawls's A Theory of Justice, the texts in this collection explore ideas and questions at the root of the human condition.
Publication year 1932
Genre Poem, Fiction
Themes Values/Ideas: Religion & Spirituality, Life/Time: Mortality & Death, Emotions/Behavior: Shame & Pride, Values/Ideas: Beauty, Values/Ideas: Power & Greed, Society: Colonialism
Tags Lyric Poem, Modernism, Philosophy, Grief / Death, Love / Sexuality, History: European, Religion / Spirituality
Publication year 1866
Genre Novel, Fiction
Themes Emotions/Behavior: Shame & Pride, Emotions/Behavior: Forgiveness, Values/Ideas: Power & Greed
Tags Classic Fiction, Psychological Fiction, Mystery / Crime Fiction, Trauma / Abuse / Violence, Philosophy, Poverty, Class, Russian Literature, Education, Education, History: World, Philosophy
Crime and Punishment is a novel by Russian author Fyodor Dostoevsky, first published in 1866. The story charts the alienation of a student named Raskolnikov who decides to commit the perfect crime to philosophically proving his superiority over others. The novel traces the depths of his mental disintegration as he comes to grips with the psychological consequences of being a murderer, exploring themes like Alienation and Shame, Criminality, and The Necessity of Suffering.Dostoevsky, a stalwart... Read Crime and Punishment Summary
Publication year 1788
Genre Book, Nonfiction
Themes Values/Ideas: Good & Evil, Natural World: Appearance & Reality, Society: Education, Values/Ideas: Religion & Spirituality
Tags History: World, Psychology, Psychology, Philosophy, Classic Fiction, Politics / Government, Philosophy, German Literature
Publication year 1781
Genre Book, Nonfiction
Themes Natural World: Appearance & Reality, Natural World: Objects, Values/Ideas: Religion & Spirituality
Tags Philosophy, Science / Nature, History: World, Psychology, Psychology, Philosophy, Classic Fiction
German philosopher Immanuel Kant’s Critique of Pure Reason is one of the most influential texts in the history of modern philosophy. Situated in the intellectual milieu of 18th century Europe, the Critique of Pure Reason is a philosophical document of the Age of Enlightenment and offers an answer to the philosophical debates of its day touching on metaphysical, epistemological, and ethical inquiries. Written in 1781 and substantially revised in 1787, Kant’s Critique inaugurated a philosophical... Read Critique of Pure Reason Summary
Genre Essay / Speech, Nonfiction
Themes Values/Ideas: Justice & Injustice
Tags Philosophy, Ancient Greece, Politics / Government, Education, Education, Philosophy, History: World, Classical Period, Classic Fiction
Crito, written by the philosopher Plato, is a dialogue between the famous philosopher Socrates and his friend Crito. This dialogue, which Plato is believed to have published shortly after 399 BCE, is set after the city of Athens has sentenced Socrates to death. Crito takes place after the events of Plato’s Apology, which details Socrates’s defense speech at his trial. Within the corpus of Plato’s many Socratic dialogues, scholars generally group Crito with Euthyphro, Apology... Read Crito Summary
Publication year 1869
Genre Book, Nonfiction
Themes Society: Politics & Government, Society: Class, Values/Ideas: Religion & Spirituality, Values/Ideas: Order & Chaos
Tags Philosophy, Politics / Government, Arts / Culture, Class, Victorian Period, History: World, Philosophy, Victorian Literature / Period, Classic Fiction
Publication year 1993
Genre Book, Nonfiction
Themes Society: Colonialism, Values/Ideas: Power & Greed, Values/Ideas: Literature
Tags Colonialism / Postcolonialism, History: World, Philosophy, Politics / Government, History: European, History: Middle Eastern, History: Asian, Literary Criticism, Sociology, Philosophy, Arts / Culture
Culture and Imperialism is a nonfiction book published in 1993 by the Palestinian American author and academic Edward Said. Originating from a series of lectures that Said delivered in 1985 and 1986, Culture and Imperialism is an expansion of the ideas set out in his groundbreaking earlier work, Orientalism. Considered one of the founders of the field of post-colonial studies, Said looks at how the formerly colonized margins influence the metropolitan centers, and vice versa... Read Culture and Imperialism Summary
Publication year 1940
Genre Novel, Fiction
Themes Values/Ideas: Truth & Lies
Tags Science-Fiction / Dystopian Fiction, Russian Literature, History: World, Historical Fiction, Philosophy, Philosophy, Classic Fiction, Politics / Government
Darkness at Noon is Arthur Koestler’s fictional exploration of the socialist states that emerged midway through the twentieth century. In particular, it asks how a movement whose original purpose was to improve the conditions of “the masses” could instead end up terrorizing its own people, including its founders. The novel follows one of these founders, Nicholas Salmanovitch Rubashov, through the last month of his life, which he spends in prison and then on trial until he... Read Darkness at Noon Summary
Publication year 1867
Genre Book, Nonfiction
Themes Society: Economics, Values/Ideas: Power & Greed, Society: Class, Values/Ideas: Win & Lose, Society: Colonialism
Tags Philosophy, Business / Economics, Politics / Government, Poverty, German Literature
Capital: A Critique of Political Economy (also popularly known in the English-speaking world by its original German title, Das Kapital) by Karl Marx is an influential critique of capitalism that sought to define the economic system’s functions. The first volume—which is the only volume fully written by Karl Marx himself—was published in 1867. Two further volumes were written by Marx’s long-time collaborator, Friedrich Engels, based on Marx’s notes, and were published in 1885 and 1894... Read Das Kapital Summary
Publication year 2011
Genre Book, Nonfiction
Themes Society: Economics, Emotions/Behavior: Conflict, Society: Community
Tags History: World, Business / Economics, Finance / Money / Wealth, Anthropology, Sociology, Anthropology, Philosophy, Philosophy, Politics / Government
Publication year 1986
Genre Book, Nonfiction
Themes Identity: Language
Tags History: African , Race / Racism, African American Literature, History: World, Philosophy, Philosophy, Politics / Government
Decolonising the Mind: the Politics of Language in African Literature is a nonfiction book published in 1986 by the Kenyan author Ngũgĩ wa Thiong'o. In the Introduction, titled “Towards the Universal Language of Struggle,” Ngũgĩ writes: “This book, is a summary of some of the issues in which I have been passionately involved for the last twenty years of my practice in fiction, theatre, criticism and in teaching literature” (1). Decolonising the Mind is a... Read Decolonising the Mind Summary
Publication year 2016
Genre Book, Nonfiction
Themes Values/Ideas: Science & Technology
Tags Self Help, Business / Economics, Psychology, Leadership/Organization/Management, Philosophy, Technology
Publication year 1919
Genre Novel, Fiction
Themes Life/Time: Coming of Age, Relationships: Friendship, Self Discovery, Values/Ideas: Good & Evil, Values/Ideas: Religion & Spirituality
Tags Auto/Biographical Fiction, Coming of Age / Bildungsroman, Philosophy, Religion / Spirituality, German Literature
Hermann Hesse’s Demian (1919) explores the coming-of-age journey of Emil Sinclair as he develops his sense of self and understanding of the duality of humanity. The novel is set in Germany in the early 20th century between World War I and World War II, and it adheres to the Bildungsroman genre. Hesse also utilizes philosophical thought, including Jungian psychology, Gnostic Christianity, and Nietzsche, to shape Sinclair’s self-discovery journey. The novel explores themes regarding the importance... Read Demian Summary
Publication year 1916
Genre Book, Nonfiction
Themes Society: Education, Society: Politics & Government, Society: Community
Tags Education, Philosophy, Politics / Government, Education, Social Science, Sociology, Philosophy, Classic Fiction
Publication year 1835
Genre Book, Nonfiction
Tags History: U.S., Politics / Government, French Literature, American Literature, Sociology, History: World, Philosophy, Philosophy, Classic Fiction
Alexis de Tocqueville’s Democracy in America is a work of history and political philosophy published in two volumes, the first in 1835 and the second in 1840. Tocqueville embarked on his own political career in France but is best known for his contributions to history and political philosophy.The first volume is based on Tocqueville’s nearly yearlong sojourn in the United States, ostensibly to study its prisons and prison reform. In his introduction Tocqueville emphasizes that... Read Democracy in America Summary
Publication year 1905
Genre Essay / Speech, Nonfiction
Themes Emotions/Behavior: Memory, Emotions/Behavior: Forgiveness, Emotions/Behavior: Grief, Values/Ideas: Justice & Injustice
Tags LGBTQ, Philosophy, Religion / Spirituality
Publication year 1994
Genre Book, Nonfiction
Themes Identity: Disability, Emotions/Behavior: Memory, Identity: Mental Health, Natural World: Nurture v. Nature, Values/Ideas: Science & Technology
Tags Psychology, Science / Nature, Philosophy, Health / Medicine, Education, Education, Psychology, Philosophy
Publication year 1968
Genre Autobiography / Memoir, Nonfiction
Themes Values/Ideas: Music, Natural World: Environment
Tags Science / Nature, Philosophy, Philosophy, Travel Literature, Action / Adventure, Classic Fiction, Biography
Desert Solitaire is Edward Abbey’s 1968 memoir of his six months serving as a park ranger in Utah’s Arches National Park in the late 1950s. Throughout the book, Abbey describes his vivid and moving encounters with nature in her various forms: animals, storms, trees, rock formations, cliffs and mountains. He communicates an uncommon reverence for nature, and an unmistakable disdain for tame, cultured humanity, including the vast majority of the tourists who visit the park... Read Desert Solitaire Summary
Publication year 2009
Genre Book, Nonfiction
Themes Society: Globalization, Society: Nation, Values/Ideas: Religion & Spirituality
Tags History: World, Religion / Spirituality, Politics / Government, Philosophy, Philosophy, Arts / Culture
Publication year 2023
Genre Book, Nonfiction
Themes Values/Ideas: Science & Technology, Values/Ideas: Justice & Injustice, Values/Ideas: Order & Chaos
Tags Science / Nature, Sociology, Psychology, Psychology, Philosophy, Philosophy