Navigate the rich and diverse history of African American literature, from memoirs and poetry to science fiction. The titles in this study guide collection span a wide range of time periods, including the post-slavery era, the Harlem Renaissance of the 1920s, the Civil Rights Movement, the Black Arts Movement, and the 21st century. Read on to discover insights and analysis on some of the most important works of African American literature, such as The Souls of Black Folk by W.E.B Du Bois, A Raisin in the Sun by Lorraine Hansberry, and Kindred by Octavia E. Butler.
Publication year 1940
Genre Novel, Fiction
Themes Identity: Race, Society: Class, Values/Ideas: Power & Greed
Tags Existentialism, American Literature, African American Literature, Education, Education, Historical Fiction, Classic Fiction, Race / Racism
Richard’s Wright’s debut novel Native Son was an immediate success upon its publication in 1940, selling 250,000 copies in three weeks. Today, it is widely recognized as not only Wright’s greatest work, but as one of the most significant American novels of the twentieth century. In his essay “How ‘Bigger’ Was Born” (1940), Wright explains that he based the protagonist of the novel on five young Black men he had known as a child. These... Read Native Son Summary
Publication year 1988
Genre Novel, Fiction
Themes Relationships: Family, Society: Colonialism, Life/Time: Coming of Age
Tags Historical Fiction, Coming of Age / Bildungsroman, African Literature, Colonialism / Postcolonialism, Race / Racism, Gender / Feminism, Education, Education, African American Literature, Classic Fiction
Nervous Conditions (1988) is a semi-autobiographical literary fiction novel written by Tsitsi Dangarembga, an international author, playwright, filmmaker, and director. The novel is the first in a three-part trilogy and is followed by The Book of Not (2006) and This Mournable Body (2017). Tambudzai, a young girl living with her family on a homestead in Rhodesia, narrates the novel and serves as the primary protagonist. Four other female protagonists—a deuteragonist, Nyasha, and three supporting protagonists... Read Nervous Conditions Summary
Publication year 2019
Genre Biography, Nonfiction
Themes Values/Ideas: Justice & Injustice, Society: Nation, Identity: Race
Tags History: U.S., Race / Racism, African American Literature, American Revolution, Children's Literature, History: World, Biography
Publication year 2019
Genre Graphic Novel/Book, Fiction
Themes Identity: Race, Society: Class
Tags Humor, Coming of Age / Bildungsroman, Diversity, Race / Racism, Bullying, Class, African American Literature, Children's Literature, Education, Education, Realistic Fiction, Modern Classic Fiction
New Kid by Jerry Craft is a 2019 graphic novel and winner of the Newbery Medal and the Coretta Scott King Award. Jim Callahan is responsible for the coloring. Craft is the creator of the 1990 comic strip Mama’s Boyz, as well as Class Act, the 2020 companion story to this book. New Kid focuses on an artistic middle school student who makes friends and builds confidence in himself as he navigates race and class... Read New Kid Summary
Publication year 2010
Genre Novel, Fiction
Themes Life/Time: Coming of Age, Relationships: Family, Natural World: Environment
Tags Coming of Age / Bildungsroman, Relationships, Natural Disaster, African American Literature, Children's Literature, Realistic Fiction, Historical Fiction, Action / Adventure
Jewell Parker Rhodes’s Ninth Ward is a realistic middle grade novel that follows 12-year-old Lanesha, a resident of New Orleans’s Ninth Ward neighborhood, in the days surrounding Hurricane Katrina, a devastating storm that hit the Gulf Coast in 2005. Lanesha must rely on her resourcefulness, resilience, and fortitude to survive the storm and subsequent flooding of the Ninth Ward. First published in 2010 by Little, Brown Books for Young Readers, the book earned a School... Read Ninth Ward Summary
Publication year 1960
Genre Novel, Fiction
Themes Emotions/Behavior: Conflict, Relationships: Family, Society: Class, Society: Colonialism, Society: Community
Tags Heinemann African Writers, African Literature, Historical Fiction, Colonialism / Postcolonialism, African American Literature, History: World, Classic Fiction
No Longer At Ease (1960) is a novel by Nigerian author Chinua Achebe. The story takes place in the years prior to Nigeria’s independence from the British Empire and focuses on Obi Okonkwo. Obi is a young Nigerian man who returns home after studying English in Britain and finds a job in the civil service. He finds himself situated within the conflict between African and Western culture, raising questions about his identity and worldview. No... Read No Longer at Ease Summary
Publication year 1969
Genre Short Story, Fiction
Themes Identity: Gender, Relationships: Mothers, Society: Community, Relationships: Family, Values/Ideas: Power & Greed
Tags African Literature, Colonialism / Postcolonialism, Gender / Feminism, Race / Racism, African American Literature, Modern Classic Fiction
Publication year 2014
Genre Poem, Fiction
Themes Identity: Race
Tags Lyric Poem, Black Lives Matter, Race / Racism, African American Literature
Publication year 2010
Genre Novel, Fiction
Themes Values/Ideas: Order & Chaos
Tags Politics / Government, Journalism, Mystery / Crime Fiction, Education, Education, African American Literature, Modern Classic Fiction
Oil on Water is a 2010 novel by Helon Habila, who originally worked as a journalist and poet in Nigeria before becoming a professor of creative writing at George Mason. His writing has earned many accolades, including the Music Society of Nigeria national poetry award, the 2001 Caine Prize, the 2003 Commonwealth Writers Prize, the 2008 Emily Balch Prize, and the 2015 Windham-Campbell Prize for Fiction. Oil on Water is his third novel and foregrounds... Read Oil on Water Summary
Publication year 2019
Genre Poem, Fiction
Themes Identity: Race
Tags Lyric Poem, Race / Racism, African American Literature
Publication year 1773
Genre Poem, Fiction
Themes Identity: Race
Tags Lyric Poem, Race / Racism, African American Literature
Publication year 2019
Genre Novel, Fiction
Themes Life/Time: Coming of Age, Emotions/Behavior: Determination / Perseverance, Relationships: Family, Society: Community, Values/Ideas: Fame
Tags African American Literature, Music, Realistic Fiction, Race / Racism, Poverty, Modern Classic Fiction
On the Come Up, published in 2019, is the second novel by acclaimed young adult author Angie Thomas. It takes place in the same neighborhood as Thomas’s first novel, The Hate U Give (2017), but aside from occasional references to the murder and riots in Garden Heights, On the Come Up features a new cast of characters. The book received numerous awards, including the American Library Association’s Top Ten Books for Young Adults, and it... Read On the Come Up Summary
Publication year 1993
Genre Poem, Fiction
Themes Emotions/Behavior: Hope, Values/Ideas: Equality, Society: Nation
Tags Free verse, Science / Nature, Diversity, History: U.S., African American Literature, American Literature, Spoken Word Poetry, Education, Education, Biography, Classic Fiction
Publication year 2014
Genre Poem, Fiction
Tags Lyric Poem, Race / Racism, African American Literature
Publication year 1977
Genre Novel, Fiction
Themes Emotions/Behavior: Conflict, Emotions/Behavior: Loneliness, Emotions/Behavior: Shame & Pride, Identity: Femininity, Identity: Race, Society: Colonialism, Society: Immigration
Tags Gender / Feminism, African Literature, Colonialism / Postcolonialism, Education, Education, African American Literature
Our Sister Killjoy, or, Reflections from a Black-eyed Squint (1977) is a novel by Ata Ama Aidoo (1942-2023). It was Aidoo’s debut novel, with an experimental style that switches between prose and free verse poetry. Aidoo, a Ghanaian writer, tells the story of Sissie, or Our Sister Killjoy, a young Ghanaian woman who travels around Europe before eventually returning home. She spends most of the narrative in Germany, where she befriends a young German mother... Read Our Sister Killjoy Summary
Publication year 1997
Genre Novel, Fiction
Themes Identity: Race, Identity: Gender, Society: Community, Emotions/Behavior: Fear
Tags Historical Fiction, African American Literature, Gender / Feminism, Magical Realism, Race / Racism, Love / Sexuality, Modern Classic Fiction, Classic Fiction
Toni Morrison’s novel Paradise was published in 1997, just a few years after she won the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1993. According to Morrison, it is the last book of a trilogy that includes Beloved and Jazz. Morrison is an esteemed American novelist, having also received the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction (1998) and the Coretta Scott King Award for Authors (2005), among other awards. She was educated at Howard University and Cornell University, and... Read Paradise Summary
Publication year 1994
Genre Novel, Fiction
Themes Society: Colonialism, Values/Ideas: Religion & Spirituality, Self Discovery
Tags Historical Fiction, Coming of Age / Bildungsroman, African Literature, African American Literature
Publication year 1977
Genre Novel, Fiction
Themes Society: Class, Society: Colonialism, Society: Education, Society: Nation, Values/Ideas: Power & Greed
Tags African Literature, Colonialism / Postcolonialism, Historical Fiction, Mystery / Crime Fiction, African American Literature, History: World, Classic Fiction
Petals of Blood by Ngũgĩ wa Thiong’o is a historical fiction novel that was first published in 1977. Ngũgĩ is a Kenyan author who has written novels, plays, short stories, and essays that typically center on Kenyan and African politics and the effects of colonialism and neocolonialism on the region. Petals of Blood explores the lives of Kenyans after the Mau Mau Rebellion and subsequent independence in the small village of Ilmorog, as well as its development... Read Petals of Blood Summary
Publication year 1928
Genre Novel, Fiction
Themes Identity: Race, Identity: Gender, Life/Time: Coming of Age
Tags Harlem Renaissance, Classic Fiction, Coming of Age / Bildungsroman, Race / Racism, Gender / Feminism, Arts / Culture, African American Literature, Women's Studies (Nonfiction), American Literature, Historical Fiction
Jessie Redmon Fauset’s Plum Bun: A Novel Without a Moral recounts the story of a young Black woman in the 1920s who decides to pass as white. Ostensibly a coming-of-age story, the novel features a complex treatment of racial barriers and gender inequalities. While the trajectory of the novel is straightforward and relatively typical for the bildungsroman—young woman leaves home, discovers herself through a series of obstacles she must overcome, and finally learns how to... Read Plum Bun Summary
Publication year 1899
Genre Short Story, Fiction
Themes Identity: Race, Identity: Gender, Emotions/Behavior: Determination / Perseverance
Tags Southern Gothic, Race / Racism, African American Literature, Historical Fiction, Classic Fiction