African American Literature

Navigate the rich and diverse history of African American literature, from memoirs and poetry to science fiction. The titles in this study guide collection span a wide range of time periods, including the post-slavery era, the Harlem Renaissance of the 1920s, the Civil Rights Movement, the Black Arts Movement, and the 21st century. Read on to discover insights and analysis on some of the most important works of African American literature, such as The Souls of Black Folk by W.E.B Du Bois, A Raisin in the Sun by Lorraine Hansberry, and Kindred by Octavia E. Butler.

Publication year 2020

Genre Novel, Fiction

Themes Life/Time: Coming of Age, Relationships: Siblings, Relationships: Family

Tags Coming of Age / Bildungsroman, Relationships, Parenting, African Literature, African American Literature, Modern Classic Fiction, History: World, Historical Fiction


Publication year 2000

Genre Poem, Fiction

Themes Life/Time: Aging, Life/Time: Mortality & Death

Tags Health / Medicine, Women's Studies (Nonfiction), History: U.S., African American Literature, Gender / Feminism, American Literature, Classic Fiction


Publication year 2017

Genre Novel, Fiction

Themes Society: Community, Values/Ideas: Safety & Danger, Relationships: Family, Emotions/Behavior: Hate & Anger, Values/Ideas: Music, Identity: Race, Relationships: Mothers, Natural World: Food, Values/Ideas: Trust & Doubt, Values/Ideas: Justice & Injustice, Values/Ideas: Equality, Relationships: Marriage, Emotions/Behavior: Grief, Emotions/Behavior: Fear, Emotions/Behavior: Determination / Perseverance, Emotions/Behavior: Conflict

Tags Mystery / Crime Fiction, Horror / Thriller / Suspense Fiction, Race / Racism, African American Literature, Modern Classic Fiction

Bluebird, Bluebird (2017) by Texas native Attica Locke, published by Little, Brown and Company, is a 2018 Edgar and Anthony award-winning mystery novel. It was also selected as a New York Times Book Review Editor’s Choice Finalist for the Los Angeles Times Book Prize, and Kirkus Best Mysteries and Thrillers of 2017. The first in the Highway 59 series follows Texas Ranger Darren Mathews through the backroads of Texas in search of justice and reform... Read Bluebird, Bluebird Summary


Publication year 2002

Genre Novel, Fiction

Themes Values/Ideas: Literature, Identity: Race, Self Discovery, Society: Community, Values/Ideas: Art

Tags Realistic Fiction, Coming of Age / Bildungsroman, African American Literature, Education, Education, Modern Classic Fiction

Bronx Masquerade is a young adult novel written by New York Times bestselling author Nikki Grimes. It was published in 2002. Bronx Masquerade chronicles an academic year in the lives of high school students in Mr. Ward’s English class. It includes the ways they relate to each other and their classwork, which prominently features Harlem Renaissance writers, as well as their hopes and dreams. The novel is written in both prose and poetry, with each... Read Bronx Masquerade Summary


Publication year 1999

Genre Novel, Fiction

Themes Life/Time: Childhood & Youth, Values/Ideas: Truth & Lies, Society: Colonialism

Tags Historical Fiction, Realistic Fiction, Children's Literature, Race / Racism, Poverty, African American Literature, Education, Education, History: World, Classic Fiction

Bud, Not Buddy is a 1999 children’s realistic historical novel by American author Christopher Paul Curtis. Ten-year-old protagonist Bud Caldwell is an orphan living in Flint, Michigan in 1936. Four years after the death of his mother and after a series of abusive and neglectful foster homes, Bud sets out to find his father, whom he believes is the locally famous jazz musician Herman E. Calloway of Grand Rapids. Bud encounters a host of characters... Read Bud, Not Buddy Summary


Publication year 2018

Genre Novel, Fiction

Themes Emotions/Behavior: Gratitude, Identity: Gender, Society: War, Values/Ideas: Religion & Spirituality

Tags Historical Fiction, Realistic Fiction, Trauma / Abuse / Violence, African American Literature, Military / War, Modern Classic Fiction, History: World


Publication year 1925

Genre Short Story, Fiction

Themes Emotions/Behavior: Loneliness, Identity: Femininity, Relationships: Marriage

Tags Classic Fiction, African American Literature, Animals

“Cat in the Rain,” a short story by American author Ernest Hemingway, was first published in the 1925 collection In Our Time. Hemingway’s story, like much of his work, is semi-autobiographical and based on his experience as an expatriate in Europe after World War I. Hemingway and his first wife, Hadley, shared a love of cats, and it’s thought he wrote this story for her while they lived in Italy and France. The short story... Read Cat in the Rain Summary


Publication year 2007

Genre Short Story, Fiction

Themes Society: Colonialism, Emotions/Behavior: Apathy, Relationships: Family

Tags Education, Education, African American Literature, Realistic Fiction, Modern Classic Fiction, Historical Fiction


Publication year 1990

Genre Poem, Fiction

Themes Identity: Race, Life/Time: Birth, Life/Time: The Past, Relationships: Family

Tags Lyric Poem, History: U.S., Trauma / Abuse / Violence, African American Literature, Science-Fiction / Dystopian Fiction, Modern Classic Fiction, Fantasy, Romance, Religion / Spirituality

Marilyn Nelson is part of a coterie of writers who published in the late-1970s and 1980s after the revolutionary fervor of the Black Arts Movement. Though the period during which Nelson wrote is less acknowledged than those aforementioned, it was a time when diverse Black poetic talents emerged. Nelson’s contemporaries included Afaa Michael Weaver, Yusef Komunyakaa, Rita Dove, Ntozake Shange, Melvin Dixon, and Essex Hemphill. Their work grappled with the aftermath of the Vietnam War... Read Chosen Summary


Publication year 2020

Genre Graphic Novel/Book, Fiction

Themes Society: Education, Identity: Race, Self Discovery, Society: Class, Values/Ideas: Equality, Relationships: Friendship

Tags Realistic Fiction, Arts / Culture, Class, Diversity, Education, Race / Racism, African American Literature, Children's Literature, Education, Modern Classic Fiction


Publication year 2020

Genre Novel, Fiction

Themes Relationships: Family, Emotions/Behavior: Conflict, Emotions/Behavior: Forgiveness, Emotions/Behavior: Courage, Emotions/Behavior: Hate & Anger, Emotions/Behavior: Fear, Emotions/Behavior: Grief, Emotions/Behavior: Guilt, Emotions/Behavior: Love, Emotions/Behavior: Shame & Pride, Identity: Race, Life/Time: Aging, Life/Time: Mortality & Death, Relationships: Grandparents, Life/Time: Childhood & Youth, Life/Time: The Past, Relationships: Fathers, Values/Ideas: Equality, Society: Politics & Government, Values/Ideas: Justice & Injustice, Values/Ideas: Safety & Danger

Tags African American Literature, Children's Literature, Realistic Fiction, Action / Adventure, Civil Rights / Jim Crow, History: U.S., Black Lives Matter, Grief / Death, Modern Classic Fiction


Publication year 1976

Genre Poem, Fiction

Tags Race / Racism, Gender / Feminism, African American Literature, LGBTQ


Publication year 2016

Genre Poem, Fiction

Themes Relationships: Family, Emotions/Behavior: Fear, Emotions/Behavior: Grief, Values/Ideas: Safety & Danger, Values/Ideas: Justice & Injustice

Tags Race / Racism, Relationships, African American Literature, Education, Education, Social Justice, Politics / Government


Publication year 1998

Genre Book, Nonfiction

Themes Values/Ideas: Truth & Lies

Tags History: African , African Literature, Race / Racism, Education, Education, African American Literature, History: World, Politics / Government, Biography

Country of My Skull: Guilt, Sorrow, and the Limits of Forgiveness in the New South Africa (1998) is a work of narrative nonfiction by Antjie Krog originally published in South Africa. This guide refers to the American edition of the text (1999) that includes an epilogue, glossary, Cast of Characters, and introduction not included in the South African edition, as well as the addition of the subtitle. Krog, an Afrikaner poet-turned-journalist who covered the Truth... Read Country of My Skull Summary


Publication year 2023

Genre Novel, Fiction

Themes Identity: Race, Relationships: Family, Society: Class, Values/Ideas: Justice & Injustice

Tags Historical Fiction, Mystery / Crime Fiction, Horror / Thriller / Suspense Fiction, African American Literature, Race / Racism, Urban Development, History: World


Publication year 1956

Genre Poem, Fiction

Themes Natural World: Environment, Identity: Race, Life/Time: Childhood & Youth

Tags Lyric Poem, Science / Nature, Race / Racism, African American Literature


Publication year 1995

Genre Essay / Speech, Nonfiction

Themes Identity: Race, Values/Ideas: Religion & Spirituality, Society: Education

Tags Race / Racism, Education, Education, History: U.S., History: World, Classic Fiction, Politics / Government, African American Literature, African American History


Publication year 1912

Genre Poem, Fiction

Themes Values/Ideas: Beauty

Tags Science / Nature, African American Literature


Publication year 2020

Genre Novel, Fiction

Themes Society: Community, Relationships: Fathers, Identity: Race, Relationships: Daughters & Sons

Tags Race / Racism, Poverty, African American Literature, Mystery / Crime Fiction, History: World, Historical Fiction

Deacon King Kong was published in 2020 and written by American author James McBride. It is an example of near-historical fiction written about American cities and social issues. McBride’s 1995 memoir about growing up in a mixed-race family in Brooklyn, The Color of Water, was both a commercial and critical success, and his own life experience aligns with some of the narratives and issues in Deacon King Kong.McBride’s novel The Good Lord Bird won the... Read Deacon King Kong Summary


Publication year 1986

Genre Book, Nonfiction

Themes Identity: Language

Tags History: African , Race / Racism, African American Literature, History: World, Philosophy, Philosophy, Politics / Government

Decolonising the Mind: the Politics of Language in African Literature is a nonfiction book published in 1986 by the Kenyan author Ngũgĩ wa Thiong'o. In the Introduction, titled “Towards the Universal Language of Struggle,” Ngũgĩ writes: “This book, is a summary of some of the issues in which I have been passionately involved for the last twenty years of my practice in fiction, theatre, criticism and in teaching literature” (1). Decolonising the Mind is a... Read Decolonising the Mind Summary